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AWS Containers and ECS - SAA-C02 > All > Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main problem that containers promise to solve?

A

Using virtual machines results in a non-efficient use of resources, need of multiple guest OS.
And run applications in their own isolated environments.

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2
Q

What does each line of a docker image mean?

A

Each line creates a new filesystem layer on top of the previous ones

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3
Q

What are Dockerfiles used for?

A

Used to build docker images

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4
Q

What is the difference between a docker container and a docker image?

A

They are the same but Docker containers have an additional Read/Write layer

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5
Q

What is the benefit of having multiple containers with a very similar base structure?

A

Some containers will be able to reuse layers that other containers are using (efficient)

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6
Q

What is a container registry?

A

Registry or hub of container images - Docker hub

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7
Q

Can a single image generate multiple containers?

A

Yes, it can generate multiple containers on many different Docker hosts.

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8
Q

What do you use docker files for?

A

To build Docker container

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9
Q

Are containers portable?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Mention 3 characteristics/benefits of using containers

A

Portable.
Lightweight - layers can be reused by multiple containers.
They always run as intended

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11
Q

What do you need to do to allow outside access to the container?

A

Expose ports

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12
Q

Mention a benefit related to scalability and isolation:

A

Containers can be used to isolate different tiers of an application or to scale determined services (parts of the application)

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13
Q

What does ECS generally do?

A

It accepts containers and instructions.

It orchestrates where and how to run those containers.

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14
Q

Where do containers run (in ECS)?

A

In clusters

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15
Q

In which modes can you use ECS?

A

EC2 mode and fargate mode

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16
Q

Describe the ECS EC2 mode

A

where EC2 is the container host running the ECS software

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17
Q

Describe the Fargate mode

A

AWS manages the container host part and allows you to architect and define your environment using containers

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18
Q

Which registries can be used by ECS?

A

ECR (elastic container registry - integrated with AWS) and DockerHub.

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19
Q

What is a container definition in ECS?

A

A container definition gives ECS just enough info about the single container:

  • Where the container is
  • Pointer to which image to use and ports to be exposed
20
Q

What does a Task definition do?

A

Stores the resources used by the task - represents a self contained application

21
Q

What is defined in a Task definition?

A
  • One container or many
  • Resources used by the task - CPU/memory
  • Task role - which allows the task to access other AWS resources
22
Q

Are tasks HA by itself?

A

No. That is covered by ECS services

23
Q

What do you need to configure an ECS service?

A

A service definition

24
Q

What can you set up in a service definition?

A
  • It can add capacity and resilience

- Can provides a level of scality and high availability

25
Q

What does a service definition represent?

A

how many copies of a task you want to run for scaling and HA

26
Q

What do container definitions provide?

A

Information about Image and ports

27
Q

What do task definitions provide?

A

security (task role), containers, resources

28
Q

What function does the task role have in a ECS task?

A

It defines what AWS resources the ECS task can access

29
Q

What do service definitions provide?

A

Information about how many copies, HA, restarts - defines availability, scaling

30
Q

In which environments is recommendable to use ECS services? Test environments, production environments? why?

A

In production environments for critical services due to the possibility to design a HA and resilient architecture.
Normally not needed in test environments where you only want to perform small tests.

31
Q

What do ECS clusters manage?

A

Scheduling, orchestration and placement engine (where to run containers)

32
Q

EC2 mode - where is it deployed/created?

A

Within a VPC and its AZs

33
Q

How do you control scalability in ECS EC2 mode?

A

Specifying an initial size which will drive an auto scaling group (ASG - controls horizontal scaling with EC2 instances when requirements dictate).

34
Q

What will ECS handle in EC2 mode?

A

Number of tasks that will be deployed.

Whether you use services and service definitions.

35
Q

What is the main factor take into account in the EC2 mode about capacity in the cluster?

A

At the cluster level you need to worry about the capacity of your cluster (ECS is not a serverless solution) because the container instances is something that is not delivered as a managed service, they are just EC2 instances.

36
Q

What does ECS EC2 mode offer generally?

A

ECS using EC2 mode offers a great middle ground, if you want to use containers in your infrastructure but you need to manage the container host, capacity and availability.

37
Q

What can you do to achieve more cost-effective solutions with ECS EC2 mode?

A

You can use spot pricing or prepaid EC2 servers.

38
Q

What is one of the main differences between EC2 mode and fargate mode?

A

Fargate mode removes management overhead, no need to manage EC2 instances for use as container hosts.

39
Q

What is Fargate mode?

A

Fargate is a cluster model, which means you have no servers to manage -> you do not pay for EC2 instances (servers) regardles of whether you are using them or not.

40
Q

What does ECS manage in Fargate mode?

A
  • Scheduling and Orchestration
  • Cluster manager
  • Placement engine - handles where to run containers
41
Q

Does ECS use registries in the Fargate mode? How?

A

You still use registries for the container images, tasks and service definitions to define tasks and services (define image, ports and how much resources you need)

42
Q

Describe the Shared Fargate infrastructure platform

A

Shared Fargate infrastructure platform allows all customers to access from the same pool of resources - it is like EC2, isolates different customer so for them, they are isolated. The resources defined in the task definition are allocated in the fargate shared infrastructure - tasks run in that infrastructure.

43
Q

Where is a fargate cluster deployed (network-wise)?

A

In a VPC and its AZs.

44
Q

How do tasks use the VPC?

A

Tasks are injected into the VPC. Each tasks is given an elastic network interface which has an IP address within the VPC. They then run like a VPC resource (they can be accessed from the VPC or from the public internet if the VCP is configured that way).

45
Q

What is the EC2 mode good for?

A

EC2 mode is good for a large and consistent workload if you are price conscious. This allows for spot pricing and prepayment.

46
Q

Is EC2 suitable for PROD systems?

A

Use EC2 just to play around with containers, but almost never for production systems.

47
Q

What is Fargate great for?

A
  • Have a large workload but are overhead conscious.
  • Have small/bursty style workloads - you pay only for the capacity that you use
  • Use batch or periodic workloads - you pay what you consume

AWS Containers and ECS - SAA-C02 (1 decks)

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