All Flashcards
What is the velopharyngeal port?
Doorway from velum? Back door to the nose.
Name the two articulators.
Lip, tongue.
Identify a prompt for retraction. (Widening FVF’s)
Inner smile.
When true vocal folds are in a closed phase, is sound more or less intense?
Less intense.
What is the function of the articulators?
To shape vowels and consonants.
What are the 3 main disciplines of Estill training?
Craft, artistry and performance magic.
What structures relate to power, source and filter?
Power: Lungs
Source: True Vocal Folds
Filter: Vocal tract
What is the glottis?
The space between the True Vocal Folds.
What muscles are used in torso anchoring?
Pectoralis major, Quadratus lumborum, Latissimus dorsi.
Name and describe the 3 True Vocal Fold onsets and offsets.
Aspirate (Gradual, Abrupt): Exhalation occurs before vocal fold closure.
Smooth: Breath and vocal fold closure occur simultaneously.
Glottal: Sound/true vocal fold closure occur before exhalation.
Describe anchoring.
Technique where the bigger muscles are used to support the smaller muscles so that the smaller muscles don’t have to work as hard.
What are the parts of the tongue?
A - Body B - Tip C - Blade D - Dorsum E - Root
Name the parts of the larynx.
Trachea, Hyoid bone, Thyroid cartilage, Cricoid cartilage False vocal folds, true vocal folds, Aryepiglottic sphincter, Arytenoids, Epiglottis.
Name the two main cartilages in the larynx and their conditions.
Thyroid and Cricoid cartilage. Both can be vertical or tilted.
What is effort key to avoiding?
Laryngeal constriction.
What is your attractor state?
Mid larynx, high tongue, smooth onsets.
In twang, what is narrowed?
Aryepiglottic Sphincter (AES).
Changes in ______ makes soundwaves.
Air pressure.
What can sirens determine?
Passggios and full vocal range.
Name the 3 conditions of larynx height.
High, mid, low.
In a high, mid, and low velum condition, what are the resonances?
High: Oral
Mid: Nasalised
Low: Nasal
True Vocal Folds are _____ and _____ at low pitches and _____ and _____ at high pitches.
Low pitches: Thick and short.
High pitches: Thin and long.
Prompts to raise your larynx.
Scream, Imagine singing a very high note, or a short/sharp breath.
What is the vocal fold cover that can be used to reset the larynx?
Slack folds.
What do the infrahyoid muscles do?
Lower the larynx.
What are the 4 true vocal fold body covers?
Thick, thin, stiff, slack.
Describe the Bernoulli effect.
As air flows through the glottis, the true vocal folds get sucked together bringing them into vibration.
What is an attractor state?
Position of stability within the voice.
Name the 3 main lip conditions.
Protruded, mid, spread.
Clavicular breathing is used in what voice quality.
Belt.
What lip conditions make the vocal tract longer/shorter?
Protruded: Longer
Spread: Shorter
What is another name for the velum?
Soft palette.
Voice use is a dynamic system. Give an example.
It is a complex series of linked structures and lowering or raising one can cause another to change.
Example: A short clavicular breath will raise the larynx.
Name and describe the breathing technique used for singing.
Recoil. A sensation of breath rushing through the body without actively having to take a breath.
Name the 6 Estill voice qualities.
Speech, sob, falsetto, twang, belt, opera.
Give 3 relaxation movements.
- Tongue rolling
- Roll tongue around teeth
- Head and neck rolling
- Chewing
- Lip and tongue trills
Describe myroning.
Sirening whilst mouthing the words.
What do the suprahyoid muscles do?
Raise the larynx.
What structure has it’s roots at the front of the throat and what 3 conditions can it be placed in?
Tongue: High, mid and low.
Prompts to lower your larynx.
Gasp, imagine singing a very low note, opera singer.
Name the TVF onset and body cover used to achieve speech quality.
Glottal and thick.
What structure can be found in a mid, constricted and retracted state?
False vocal folds.
Name the 2 compulsory anchoring figures and their conditions.
Head and neck anchoring, and torso anchoring.
Conditions: anchored and relaxed.
Describe effort.
Effort is how hard the muscles are working and where they are working on a scale of 1 to 10.
What is the subglottis?
Pressure below the True Vocal Folds.
Name the intrinsic pharyngeal cartilage that closes to deflect food and water down the esophagus.
Epiglottis.
What is volume linked to?
The pressure of breath below the folds.
thicker folds = louder, thinner folds = quieter
What and where are the sternoclidomastoids (SCM)?
What?: Muscles that help support head and neck anchoring.
Where?: Behind the skull and run to the neck underneath the ears and connect to the chest.
What is the importance of the FVF figure for vocal health.
FVF’s can retract to prevent constriction and straining which could cause nodules.
Name the 4 jaw conditions.
Forward, mid, back, dropped.
Identify the prompts to find the 3 larynx height conditions.
Mid: Breath quietly/gently.
High: Prepare for a high note/silent scream.
Low: Prepare for a low note/sob/laugh silently.
The Effect that Thyroid and Cricoid tilt has on the TVF’s.
Thyroid - Thins the vocal folds.
Cricoid - Thickens the vocal folds.
Relaxation maneuvers.
Vocal folds, face and lips, tongue, jaw, breathing muscles.
- Breath to relieve tension in vocal folds.
- Massage face and lips.
- Roll tongue around teeth.
- Chew
- Speak normally
- Sing NG
- Walk briskly
Describe filter.
Vocal tract (Filter) processes frequency of sound into patterns recognised as vowels.
Describe source.
TVF’s (Source) vibrations create pitch and tone.
Describe power.
Breath (Power) draws the TVF’s into vibration.
Too much effort is…?
Tension.
What is kinaesthetic perception?
When the body indicates where the muscles are working an how hard they are working.
What is MCVE?
Most Comfortable Vocal Effort.
What is the primary function of the larynx
Respiration/breathing.
