All Flashcards
Acyl chloride➡️ 1 amide
NH3, 20 DC
Acyl chloride➡️ N-sub amide
Primary amine, 20 DC
COOH➡️ Acyl chloride
Cold H2O
Aldehyde/ketone➡️hydroxynitrile (2)
1) KCN, ethanol, reflux
2) KCN, H+
Alcohol➡️iodoalkane
‘Red phosphorous’, I2 (makes PI3 in situ), reflux
Alkene➡️diol
Acidified KMnO4, 20 DC
Alkene➡️alkane
No catalyst, H2, 150 DC
Alkene➡️ dihalogenoalkane
X2, 20 DC
Halogenoalkane➡️ 1 amine
Excess ethanolic ammonia, heat
1 amine➡️amine
Ethanol chloride+conc aq solution of amine (Halogenoalkane)
Nitrile➡️1 amine (2)
H2, Ni catalyst, high temp and pressure
LiAlH4, dilute acid
Halogenoalkane➡️nitrile
KCN, ethanol, reflux
Alkane➡️Halogenoalkane
UV light, X2
Alkene➡️Halogenoalkne
HX, 20 DC
Alcohol➡️ Halogenoalkane (3)
1) warm KOHaq, reflux
2) Mg, dry ether, then carbonyl, then dilute acid
3) POCl3
Alcohol➡️Alkene
Conc H3PO4, 170 DC
Alkene➡️alcohol
Steam, H3PO4 catalyst, 300 DC, 60-70 atm
Halogenoalkane➡️Alkene
KOH, ethanol, reflux
Halogenoalkane➡️ COOH
Mg, dry ether, then CO2 then dilute acid
Nitrile➡️COOH
Dilute HCl, reflux
Acyl chloride➡️ COOH
PCl5, 20 DC
Ester➡️COOH
Dilute acid/alkali, reflux
Alcohol/aldehyde➡️ COOH
K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, reflux
Aldehyde/ketone/COOH➡️ alcohol
LiAlH4
Acyl chloride➡️ ester
Alcohol, 20 DC
COOH➡️ester
Alcohol, acid catalyst, heat
Alcohol➡️ester
1) COOH, acid catalyst, heat
2) Acyl chloride+alcohol, reflux
Ester➡️alcohol
Dilute acid/alkali, reflux