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MOD 1 STUDY GUIDE > All > Flashcards

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1
Q

Stages of grief

A 
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
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2
Q

Stress reactions

A

Acute
Delayed (PTSD)
Cumulative

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3
Q

General adaptation syndrome

A
  1. Alarm stage
  2. Stage of resistance
  3. Exhaustion
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4
Q

Diseases of concern

A

HIV/AIDS, Hep B and C, and Tuberculosis

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5
Q

Preventing and dealing with stress

A

Critical incident stress management (CISM)

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6
Q

Glucose is made:

A

In the mitochondria (ATP)

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7
Q

Stretcher to use for obese patients

A

Bariatric

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8
Q

Stretcher to use for a patient with a broken hip

A

Scoop

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9
Q

Stretcher to use in rough terrain

A

Basket

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10
Q

A common urgent move is:

A

Rapid extraction procedure

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11
Q

Position for shock

A

Supine

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12
Q

What must be present in a negligence case?

A
  1. EMT had a duty to act
  2. Standard of care not provided (breach of duty)
  3. Harm/damages were direct result of action or inaction by EMT
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13
Q

Year DOT developed EMS standards

A

1966

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14
Q

NREMT founded

A

1970

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15
Q

National Emergency Medical Services Systems Act

A

1973

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16
Q

Established set of standards for EMS systems

A

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

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17
Q

Involuntary transportation is only ok in what cases?

A

Patient is threat to himself or others

Court ordered

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18
Q

Physician orders including patient wishes for treatment for provide if they become unresponsive or unable to speak

A

Physician orders for life sustaining treatment

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19
Q

3 R’s of reacting to danger

A

Reatreat
Radio
Re-evaluate

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20
Q

Pathway of air

A

NOPELTBBA

Naso/oro pharynx>pharynx>epiglottis>larynx>trachea>bronchi>bronchioles>alveoli

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21
Q

Where has exchange takes place

A

Alveoli

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22
Q

Movement of gases to and from alveoli

Moves air in and out of body

A

Ventilation (more the actual MOVEMENT)

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23
Q

Moving gases between cells and blood

Moves O2 to cells and removes CO2

A

Respiration (at cellular level)

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24
Q

Intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax. Chest decreases and air flows out of lungs. Passive process. positive pressure pushes air out of the lungs

A

Exhalation

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25
Q

Intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract, chest cavity expands and air flows into lungs; negative pressure pulls air into lungs (active process )

A

Inhalation

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26
Q

Divides the chest from the abdominal cavity

A

Diaphragm

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27
Q

Involuntary muscle found only in heart

A

Cardiac

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28
Q

Muscles attached to bones that contact on command

A

Voluntary

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29
Q

Muscle that responds automatically to brain signals

A

Involuntary (smooth) muscle

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30
Q

Point where two bones meet

A

Joint

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31
Q

Tissue connecting bones to bones

A

Ligament

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32
Q

Tissue connecting bone to muscle

A

Tendon

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33
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Artery (carries oxygenated blood)

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34
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart

A

Vein (carries deoxygenated blood)

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35
Q

Only veins that carry oxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary veins (lungs to heart)

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36
Q

Only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary artery (heart to lungs)

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37
Q

Describe the path of blood flow through the heart

A

Deoxygenated blood comes from the body into the right atrium via the superior and inferior vena cava.
Contracts and pushes through tricuspid valve into right ventricle.
Passes through pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery which sends it to the lungs to be oxygenated.
Re-enters through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium. Contracts and pushes into the left ventricle through the mitral (bicuspid) valve.
Exits through the aortic valve, into the aorta where it then goes first to the coronary arteries and then to the rest of the body (systemic)

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38
Q

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart

A

Coronary arteries

39
Q

Peripheral pulses

A

Radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis

40
Q

Pressure created when left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation

A

Systolic blood pressure

41
Q

Pressure in arteries when left ventricle is filling

A

Diastolic

42
Q

Pressure caused by blood exerting force against blood vessels walls

A

Blood pressure

43
Q

Supply of oxygen and removal of wastes from cells and tissues of body as a result of blood flow through capillaries

A

Perfusion

44
Q

Inability to adequately circulate blood to supply them with oxygen and nutrients

A

Hypoperfusion/shock

45
Q

Sufficient amount of air with sufficient amount of blood

A

Ventilation perfusion (or V/Q) match

46
Q

Vital organs

A

Brain
Lungs
Heart
Kidneys

47
Q

Inferior part of sternum

A

Xiphoid process

48
Q

Top back and sides of skull

A

Cranium

49
Q

Voice box/vocal cords

A

Larynx

50
Q

Lower portion of larynx

A

Cricoid cartilage

51
Q

Smallest kind of artery

A

Arteriole

52
Q

Smallest kind of vein

A

Venule

53
Q

Thin walled microscopic blood vessels where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place

A

Capillary

54
Q

Transports oxygen: protects against pathogens and promotes clotting to control bleeding

A

Blood

55
Q

Fluid portion of blood

A

Plasma

56
Q

A pulse is formed when the _____ contracts

A

Left ventricle

57
Q

Central pulses

A

Carotid and femoral

58
Q

Cary messages from brain to body

A

Motor nerves

59
Q

Pick up and transmit info to spinal cord and brain

A

Sensory nerves

60
Q

Fight or flight is a response of the __________

A

Autonomic nervous system

(Can be parasympathetic or sympathetic)-involuntary

61
Q

“Feed or breed”

A

Parasympathetic

62
Q

Synthesizes proteins

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

63
Q

Cellular function of converting nutrients into energy

A

Metabolism

64
Q

Systems controlling levels of water in the body

A

Circulatory and renal

65
Q

Levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body are controlled by the ______ and ______ systems

A

Respiratory and cardiovascular

66
Q

Primary function is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells and to remove waste products from the cells

A

Cardiopulmonary system

67
Q

Inhaled air contains mostly

A

Nitrogen-79%

68
Q

Open and clear

A

Patent

69
Q

Amount of air moved in and out of the lungs in one breath

A

Tidal volume

70
Q

Amount of air breathed in during each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minute

A

Minute volume (tidal volume x breaths per minute

71
Q

Gas exchange with the blood stream at the alveoli

A

Alveolar ventilation

72
Q

Active process of ventilation

A

Inhalation

73
Q

Low oxygen l gels in body tissue

A

Hypoxia

74
Q

Sensors that register low oxygen or high carbon dioxide

A

Chemoreceptors

75
Q

Sympathetic nervous system stimulates blood vessels to ____

A

Constrict

76
Q

Large plasma protein created in the liver

A

Albumin

77
Q

Amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction

A

Stroke volume

78
Q

Amount of blood returned to the heart prior to the contraction

A

Preload

79
Q

Force of contraction

A

Contractility

80
Q

How much pressure he heart has to pump against in order to force blood out of the system

A

Afterload

81
Q

Low blood volume due to blood loss from severe bleeding or dehydration

A

Hypovolemic shock

82
Q

Blood pressure drops because blood vessels lose their ability to maintain a normal diameter

A

Distributive shock

83
Q

The heart fails in its ability to pump blood

A

Cardiogenic shock

84
Q

Caused by blood being prevented from flowing

A

Obstructive shock

85
Q

When the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion

A

Compensated shock

86
Q

When compensatory measures fail. Decreases blood pressure and mental status

A

Decompensated shock

87
Q

Cool pale moist skin

A

Diaphoresis

88
Q

3 spaces in the body hat make up 69% water

A

Intracellular-79%
Intravascular-5%
Interstitial-25%

89
Q

Pushes water out of blood vessel to cells

A

Hydrostatic pressure

90
Q

Pulls water from body into bloodstream (albumin is water retaining protein)

A

Oncotic pressure

91
Q

Vessels lose ability to constrict which causes uncontrolled dilation

A

Loss of tone

92
Q

Pressure inside vessels heart must pump against to pump blood into the body

A

Systemic Vascular Resistance

93
Q

Average stroke volume

A

70mL blood/min

94
Q

Cardiac output

A

Stroke volume x beats per minute

MOD 1 STUDY GUIDE (1 decks)

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