ALL Flashcards
expletive
a single word, or short phrase, interrupting normal syntax, lending emphasis to the words
antithesis
a clear contrasting relationship between two ideas and juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure
amplification
repitition of a word or expression while adding more detail to it, expands to make sure the reader understands its importance
eponym
substitutes for a particular attribute the name id a famous person recognized for that attribute
exemplum
citing an example
enumeratio
detailing parts, causes, effects, or consequences to make a point more forcibly
abstract language
words that refer to ideas, qualities, attitudes, and conditions that CANNOT be percieved with the senses
bandwagon
tactic if inviting the audience to accept an assertion because everybody else does
concrete language
words that refer to ovjects, persons, places, or conditions that CAN be perceived with the senses
Ad Hominem
making an attack on a person rather than on the person’s argument or particular issue
equivocation
using words that have at least two different meanings to support or refute an issue
false analogy
a fallacy of compring two things that are not sufficiently alike to be compared
refutation
an attack on an opposing point of view in order to lessen its credibility or invalidate it
fallacy
an error in reasoning; a false argument
cacophony
harsh joining of sounds
allegory
using character and story elements symbolically to representnan abstraction in addition to literal meaning
syntax
the way an author chooses to join words into groups
prose
one of the major divisions of genre (everyday speech)
deductive reasoning
specific conclusion from something generally or universally understood to be true
inductive reasoning
general conclusion from specific i stances
polysyndenton
the deliberate and excessive use of conjunctions in successive words or clauses
situational irony
the outcome is contrary to what was expected
undertone
the attitude that may be under the obstensible tone of the piece
wit
intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights
In Media Res
latin for “in the middle of things”; starting a narrative in the middle of the action
former
first mentioned of two
latter
second mentioned of two
inference
reasonable conclusion from the information presented
allusion
a short, informal reference to a famous person or event
consonance
the repitition of two or more consonants with a change in the intervening vowels
anthimeria
a type of pun in which one part of speech is substituted for another; I CANT MATH
aphorism
an expression of insight or wisdom
aporia
deliberating with oneself; what is the best way to do something?
jargon
the soecial language of a profession or group
epiplexis
questioning in order to chide, to express grief, or to inveigh
pleonasm
the use of superfluous and redundant words, often enriching the thought
argumentation
attempts to prove the validity of a point of view or idea by presenting reasoned arguments - NOT A DEBATE
bildungsroman
a story aboyt the education or psychological growth of the protagonist; a coming of age
catachresis
an extravagant, implied metaphor using words in an alien or unusual way
colloquialism
using slang or informalities in speech or writing
epistrophe
ending a series of lines, phrases, clauses or sentences with the same word or words
metonymy
greek for “changed label”; a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it
concession
admitting defeat in something
denotation
dictionary definition or literal meaning of a word or phrase
connotation
the implied, suggested meaninf of a word
register
varieties of language appropriate to particular social situations (frozen, formal, consultative, casual, intimate)
Deus ex Machina
use of an artificial device or continued solution to solve a difficult situation, usually introduced suddenly and unexpectedly
cosmic irony
the universe is malicious and is indifferent to human suffering. (character’s purposeful activity and ultimate meaninglessness)
diction
refers to the writer’s word choices, with regards to correctness, clearness, and effectiveness
dogmatism
established belief or doctrine, usually religions, which CANNOT be refuted or argued
loose sentence
independent clause goes at the BEGINNING of a sentence
periodic sentence
independent clause goes at the END of a sentence
oxymoron
greek for “pointedly foolish”, figure of speech where the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox (jumbo shrimp)
absolute
words or terms that leave no negotiation or exception
anaphora
repitition if the same expression is repeated and the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences
description
a mode of discourse used to present detailed observation and sensory detail
A E S T H E T I C
pertaining to the value of art for its own sake or for form; not necessarily useful, but beautiful
dramatic irony
audience knows more than the characters
epistolary
a piece of literature contained in or carried on by letters
anachronism
an error in chronology
euphemism
substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh or unpleasant
euphony
a succession of harmonious sounds used in poetry or prose; opposite of CACOPHONY
explication
the art of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text
anecdote
short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting episode or event
satire
a work that targets human vices and follies or social situations and conventions for reform or ridicule
implicit
implied, rather than expressly stated
explicit
fully and clearly expressed or demonstrated; leaving nothing merely implied
extended metaphor
a metephor developed at length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work
persona
the voice or figure of the author who tells and structures the story; the persona telling the story is not necessarily the personality and voice of tee author
antecedent
a word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun
apesiopesis
stopping abruptly and leaving a statement unfinished
ambiguity
the multiple meanings either intentional or unintentional, or a word, phrase, sentence, ir passage
foil
a person or thing that makes another seem better by contrast
homily
literally means “sermon”, but can include any serious talk, speech, ir lecture involving moral or spiritual advice
paralipsis
a technique of drawing attention to something by claiming no to mention it
