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1
Q

What is a dental composite made up of

A

Combination materials which individual components retain identify and possess diff properties

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2
Q

What does a dental resin composite consist of

A

Resin
Filler
Coupling agent

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3
Q

What does a fibre reinforced material consist of

A

Fibres in a high strength modulus

Bonded to a matrix

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4
Q

What doe the materials maintain in a fibre reinforced material

A

District boundaries between components

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5
Q

What are the properties of a fibre reinforced components

A

Have properties that cannot be achieved with any constituents alone

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6
Q

What are some uses of dental fibre reinforced materials

A

Crowns
Bridges
Posts

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7
Q

What is the legal requirement regarding the statement of manufacture

A

Should be offered to pt

Pt name and confirmation
Presenter details
Technicians details
Confirmation

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8
Q

What are some materials used by the dental team

A 
Polymers
Ceramics 
Gypsum 
Alloys 
Waxes
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9
Q

What are all the standard (organisations) a material must be tested by

A

Individuka organisations

British standard
International standards

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10
Q

What are some things to consider about the oral environment

A 
Hostile
Temp fluctuations 
Ph 
Forces 
Chemical
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11
Q

What are some mechanical properties taken into consideration for mateials

A 
Tensile 
Compressive 
Outputs
Flexural 
Diametral flexural 
Impact strength 
Surface hardness
Shear bond strength 
Fatigue
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12
Q

What si the tensile strength

A

Force applied to elongate

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13
Q

What si the equation for the tensile strength

A 
Q = F/A 
Strain = change in length
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14
Q

What is compressive test not good for

A

Brittle substances

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15
Q

What is hooks law

A

Stress + strain are linear and proportional relationship

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16
Q

If a force is removed whilst in the elastic region what will happen

A

Recoil

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17
Q

Think of the outputs graph what are the axis etc

A

X axis - linear elastic section and all the way along is the ductility

Y axis - stress

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18
Q

What si the elastic of the outputs also known as (measure of)

A

Measure of resilience

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19
Q

What si the ductili of the output a measure of

A

Toughness

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20
Q

What is the equation and the flexural strength

A

3 points
Support seperation
Q = 3FL/2bd^2

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21
Q

What sit he equation for the diametral tensile strength

A

Q = 2F/ (Pi)DL

Useful for brittle materials

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22
Q

What si the impact strength

A

How consumes energy
Pendulum swing
Units of energy

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23
Q

What si the surface hardness measured

A

Large numbers = low harness

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24
Q

What is the sheer bond strength

A

Cohesive and adhesive failure

Q = F/A

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25
What's it eh fatigue of a material,
Application of cyclic loading of a defined number of cycles until final
26
What are the types of non elastic impression materials
Impression plaster Impression waxes Impression compound Zinc oxide or eugenol pastes
27
What does the non elastic impression materials unable to do
Inability to accurately record undercuts
28
What are the types of elastic impression materials
Synthetic elastomers | Hydrocolloids
29
What are the two types of hydrocolloids
Agar and alignate
30
What are some of the annotations of agar
Gel Borax gives body K2SO4 counteract the borax Requires a water bath
31
What are the temperatures of the agar for the water bath
100 - gel to sol 65 - hold temp 45 - clinical use
32
How do u make alginate
Water and power | Irreversible
33
What are the properties of alginate
Elastic Low visc - mucostatic Rapid set Working time
34
What does sodium Phosohate do for the setting properties of alginate
Removes supply of insoluble calcium for cross linking therefore extending working time
35
What are the alternatives to impressions
Cad cam | Intra oral scanner
36
What are flabby ridges
Appears supporting bone is present but it is not
37
What are the disads to agar
``` Cross infection Cost Soecial equipment Low tear Dimensional instability ```
38
What is agar clinical used for
Crowns and bridges
39
What si agar used for in the lab
Duplications
40
What are the ads of agar
Takes up moisture | Reuse
41
What si the composition of alginate
Na/K alignic acid CaSo4.H2O Na3PO4 Inert filler
42
What does the Na/K aliginic acid do in alginate
Forms solution with water and becomes a gel with cross links
43
What does gypsum (caso4.h2o) do in alginate
Source of calcium for cross linking
44
What does Na3PO4 do in alginate
Used to contro the work time
45
What does the inert filler do in alginate
Give body
46
What are some physical properties of impression materials
``` Thermal Rheological Viscosity Thermal expansion and contraction Surface roughness ```
47
What si the thermal property
Energy required to heat up material | Q= mst
48
What si thermal diffusity and the equation
D = k/ Cp x P D - thermal diffusity K - thermal conductivity Cp - specific heat P - material density
49
What si the rheological property
Study of the flow of properties
50
What si the viscosity property
Varies with rate of sheer and time Dilatant Newtonian Pseudo plastic
51
What's it he thermal expansion and contraction property
Match as closely to the tooth surface as possible
52
What si the surface roughness property
Assessment of surface characteristic by Profilometer higher value more rough
53
What a re the three biological a tests
Lab - irritation, colonogenic, systemic toxicity Animal testing Randomised human testing
54
What is an ideal material
Non toxic Non irritant Harmless No carcinogenic
55
What are the thre main requirements of a impression material
Surface detail reproduced Dimensional accuracy and stability Taste, non toxic, doesn't interact .....
56
What are the two requirements for good surface detail reproduction
Viscosity | Hydrophobicity
57
How does viscosity vary
Changes with time Low visc = more detail not contained High visc = less detail on flabby ridges, displaces tissue
58
What is hydrophobicity
Moist repels it | Affects performance
59
What a re the kinds of things required for dimensional accuracy and stability
Type of tray Flexibility and recovery Storage before casting
60
How can the type of tray affect stability
Must have bonding adhesive Flexible tray distorts impression
61
What is flexibility and recovery important for the impression
Removal of undercuts Elastic
62
Why is storage before casting important
No design all changes should takes place
63
What are the 4 elastomeric impression materials
Silicone rubbers- addition Silicone rubbers - condensation Polyethers Polysulphides
64
What are he 2 pastes of addition silicone rubbers
Paste 1 - inert filler, liquid silicone, catalyst | Paste 2 - liquid silicone prepolymer methyl replaced by hydrogen
65
What si the setting for the silicone rubbers addition
Platinum catalyst | No by products
66
What are the different kinds of viscosities of addition silicone rubbers
Putty Medium body Light body Hydrophobic
67
What are the forms condemnation silicone rubbers comes in
2 pastes or liquid+paste
68
What are the 2 pastes for condensation silicone rubbers
Inert filler Silicone liquid
69
What is the liquid + paste for condensation silicone rubbers
Alkyl silicate Tin
70
What are the important parts of setting for condensation silicone rubbers
Cross linking Alkyl silicate is a lining agent Tin is a catalyst
71
What si the by product of condensation silicone rubber
Ca2H5O
72
What are the properties of the condensation silicone rubbers
Quicker elastic recovery Faster setting Hydrophobic Non toxic
73
What are the 2 pastes of polyether
Paste 1 - base inert filler, terminals polymer | Paste 2 - catalyst
74
What a is the setting of the polyether
Cationic ring addition | Viscosity increases increasing cross links
75
What are the 2 pastes for polysulphides
Base - terminal pendant thiol | Catalyst - PbO2
76
What sit he setting for polysulphides
Condensation - water by prod Disulphide bonds Cross links
77
What are the properties of polysulphides
High tear resist Dimensional stability Bad smell taste Easily read
78
How do u make gypsum
Calcium sulphate dihydrate to calcium sulphate hemihydrate driving water
79
What are the three forms of gypsum
Dental plaster Dental stone Densite
80
How do u make dental plaster
Heat gypsum with 120
81
How do u make dental stone
Steam pressure autoclave 120 gypsum
82
How do h make densite
Boil gypsum in CaCl2
83
How do u set gypsum
Add water
84
What does mixing gypsum do
Weakens Air bubbles Loss detail
85
How do u overcome mixing issued
Use vibrations instead
86
Form dental plaster to stone what per operatives change
Porosity and particle size decrease
87
What are the ISO standards for gypsum
1) impression plaster mucostatic 2) dental plaster 3) dental stone for die 4) dental stone high strength low expansion 5) dental stone high strength high expansion
88
What are the colours of plaster, stone and die stone
Paster - White Stone - yellow Die stone - pink/blue
89
What doe die materials have to be
``` Be dimensionally stable Fluid when poured Good wetting Hard and resistant once set Compatible with other materials ```
90
Ephod can the control the setting time
Manufacturer Operator Accelerators and retarders control expansion
91
What are the steps of setting gypsum
1 - water saturated with hemihydrate 2 - convert to dihydrate 3 - dihydrate crystallises out initaties by expo to nuclei of crystallatikn
92
What hallens when gypsum setts
Increase visc (initial a DB final set ) Exothermic Expansion outward crystals
93
What are the adabatages of gypsum
Inexpensive Easy to use Electroplate to increase strength
94
What are the disads to gypsum
May interact with borax in alginate | Hypochlorite may interact if not rinsed properly
95
What si a dental composite used for
Restorative material and impression trays

Dental Materials (1 decks)

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