All Flashcards
What are the organs of the upper respiratory tract?
Nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and pharynx
The lower respiratory tract includes the
Larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs
What does the nasal septum do?
Divides the nasal cavity into right and left portions
What does the nasal cavity include?
An extensive network of blood vessels and mucus membranes
What happens when air passes over the mucus membrane in the nasal cavity?
Heat leaves the blood and warms the air, adjusting the temperature to that of the body’s temperature
How is air adjusted to the temp of the body in the nasal cavity?
Air passes over the mucus membrane and the blood’s heat is used to warm it
When is air moistened?
When water evaporates from the mucus lining
What happens to dust particles that enter the nasal cavity?
A sticky mucus entrails them
What happens to mucus that is within the nasal cavity?
It is eventually swallowed and the gastric juices destroy microorganisms in the mucus
Where are the paranasal sinuses found?
The maxillary, frontal, and sphenoid bones of the skull
What fills the paranasal sinuses?
Air
Where is the pharynx located?
Behind the oral cavity and larynx
The pharynx aka
Throat
What is the pharynx?
The passageway for food traveling from the oral cavity to the esophagus and for air passing between the nasal cavity and the larynx
What is the larynx?
An enlargement in the airway at the top of the trachea and below the pharynx
What does the larynx do?
It conducts air in and out of the trachea and prevents foreign objects from entering the trachea
What does the larynx house?
The vocal cords
What controls the pitch of a sound?
Contracting or relaxing muscles that alter the tension on the vocal cords
What causes the intensity of loudness of a sound?
The force of air passing through the vocal cords
During normal breathing, the vocal cords are _____ and the ____ between them is called the _____ , which is a _____
Relaxed
Opening
Glottis
A triangular slit
When food is swallowed, what happens to muscles within the false vocal cords?
The close the glottis, which prevents food from entering the trachea
What does the epiglottis do?
Prevents food from entering the larynx
The trachea extends
Downward and splits into the right and left bronchi
What lines the trachea’s inner wall?
A ciliated mucous membrane