All

Question 1

What value is measured in case control studies?

Answer 1

Odds ratio

Question 2

What value is measured in cohort studies?

Answer 2

Relative risk

Question 3

1 standard deviation corresponds with what percentage of the population?

Answer 3

68%

Question 4

2 standard deviations correspond with what percentage of the population?

Answer 4

95%

Question 5

3 standard deviations correspond with what percentage of the population?

Answer 5

99.7%

Question 6

Which value is most important for a screening test?

Answer 6

High sensitivity; lowest test value that detects subjects with the disease

Question 7

Which value is most important for a confirmatory test?

Answer 7

High specificity; highest test value that correctly identifies all subjects without the disease

Question 8

NNT

Answer 8

1/absolute risk reduction

Question 9

NNH

Answer 9

1/attributable risk

Question 10

Absolute risk reduction

Answer 10

c/c+d - a/a+b

Question 11

Attributable risk

Answer 11

a/(a+b) - c/(c+d)

Question 12

Drug clearance

Answer 12

Vd x Ke (elimination constant)

Question 13

Loading dose

Answer 13

LD = (Cp*Vd) / F (f = 1 for drugs given IV)

Question 14

Maintenance dose

Answer 14

D = (CpCLT) / F

Question 15

Renal celarance

Answer 15

C = (U*V)/P (U = urine concentration, P = plasma concentration, V = urine flow rate in mL/min)

Question 16

GFR

Answer 16

U*V/P (e.g. for inulin)

Question 17

RBF

Answer 17

RPF/(1-Hct)

Question 18

Filtration fraction

Answer 18

GFR/RPF

Question 19

Which values depend on disease prevalence/incidence?

Answer 19

PPV, NPV

Question 20

Which values are fixed and don’t depend on disease prevalence/incidence?

Answer 20

Sensitivity and specificity

Question 21

Coefficient of variation is an inverse measurement of what?

Answer 21

Precision (reproducibility)