All Flashcards
Accelerometer
Surveying instrument for earth’s gravitational field.
Adjustable choke
Rate of flow is controlled by adjusting a conical needle
Angle unit
Survey instrument used to measure inclination
Annular preventer
A large BOP thats seals btw wellbore and drill pipe. Usually installed above ram type BOP
Api gravity
=141.5/specific gravity - 131.5
Back off
To disconnect a section of stuck drillpipe by unscrewing one of the connections above
Badger bit
Specially designed bit with one big nozzle used for deflecting in soft formations
Bail
A rounded steel bar which supports the swivel and connects it to the hook.
Ball up
Sticking of drill cuttings to bit or stabilizer
Barge
Yek no sakuu ke mamoolan ruye roodkhane va daryache az an estefade mishavad
Barite
Barium sulfite
BaSO4
Weighting material
SG 4.2
Bell nipple
In marine drilling, the uppermost component of the marine riser attached to the telescopic joint. The top of the nipple is expanded to guide drilling tools into the well.
Bentonite
A fine clay ( mainly montmorillonite) which swells when mixed with water. Sometimes referred to as gel.
Bent sub
A short piece of pipe whose axis deviated 1 to 3 degrees. Used as a deflecting tool.
Bit breaker
A heavy metal plate which fits into the rotary table and holds the bit while it is being connected to or disconnected from the drill string.
Bit report
A report of the operating parameters and performance of the bits run in a well.
Bit sub
A short piece of pipe installed immediately above the bit.
Both sides of bit sub has box threads.
Bit walk
The tendency for bit and drillstring to wander off course by following the direction of rotation ( usually to the right) in directionaly drilled well.
Blind rams
One type of BOP. Designed to close off the wellbore when the drill string is out of the hole.
Blooey line
The discharge pipe from a well being drilled with compressed air
BOP stack
An assembly of BOPs consisting of annular preventer and ram type preventers. For land drilling the BOP stack is installed just below the rig floor, and for floating rigs is positioned on the sea bed.
BHA
Bottom hole assembly. Part of drillstring just above bit and below drillpipe.
Breakout
To unscrew one section of pipe from another
Bridge
An obstruction in the borehole usually caused by the borehole wall caving in.
BRT
Below rotary table. Referrnce point for measuring depth.
Building assembly
A BHA specially designed for build up.
Bumper sub
A part of BHA consisting of a short stroke slip joint which allows a more constant WOB to be applied when drilling from a floating rig.
Caliper log
Measures the diameter of wellbore. Used for detecting washouts , calculating cement volumes , or detecting internal corrosion of casing.
Casing head housing
Installed on top of the surface casing string. Provides a landing shoulder for next casing string and a flanged connection for the BOP stack.
Casing head spool
Installed on top of casing head housing or previous spool. Provides landing shoulder for next casing string, access to the annulus between casing strings, and a flanged connection for the BOP stack to be connected to the well.
Casing hanger
A part in top of the casing string to suspend the casing from the previous casing housing or spool.
Casing shoe
A short section of pipe rounded at the bottom. Used to guide casing in borehole. Sometimes called a guide shoe
Cathead
A spool shaped attachment on a winch. Used for hoisting operations on the rig
Caving
Collapse of the walls of the bore hole. Also referred to as sloughing
Centraliser
A device to support and centralize the casing.
Centrifugal pump
Often used for mixing mud
Centrifuge
Seprates solids from mud
Cement channeling
The irregular displacement of mud by cement, living voids in the cement
Cement head
A manifold system installed on top of the casing. Used to pump cement into the casing and releasing top and bottom plugs
Wiper plug
Bottom plug in a cement job
Shut off plug
Top plug in a cement job
Chain tongs
A tool used by roughnecks on the rig floor to tighten or loosen a connection
Check valve
A valve which permits flow in one direction only
Choke
An orifice installed in a line to restrict and control the flow rate
Choke line
A pipe connected to the BOP stack which allows fluids to be circulated out of annulus and into choke manifold
Choke manifold
An arrangement of pipes that allows fluid flow through number of routes.
Christmas tree
An assembly of control valves that is installed after the well has been completed
Name of clay minerals
Kaolinite , illite , montmorillonite, vermiculite
Closure
The shortest horizontal distance from a particular survey station back to the reference point
Combination string
Tapered string
A casing string that is made up of different grades, weights or sizes.
Company man
Drilling supervisor
Representative of operating company
Compass unit
Used to measure azimuth in a survey point
Conductor line
Wireline which carries electric current in logging.
Core barrel
A tool installed at the bottom of drillstring and top of core bit ( core head) to retain the core
Correction run
Drilling a part of well to correct the direction of the well as planned
Crater
A large hole which develops at the surface due to escaping of gas, oil or water during a blow out.
Cross over
A sub to connect drill string components that have different types or sizes of threads
Crown block
A block that is steady at top of the derrick over which the drilling line is reeved.
Dead line
That part of the drilling line btw crown block and deadline anchor
Degasser
Used to remove unwanted gas from mud
Departure
One of the coordinates used to plot the path of the well on the horizontal plane (along the x axis) northing?
The other one is easting
Desander
A hydrocyclone for removing sand from mud
Desilter
A hydrocyclone for removing silt size material from mud
Dog house
A small stand for driller on the rig floor
Dope
A lubricant for the threads of oilfield tubular goods
Double
A string made up by screwing two single lengths of pipe together
Downhole motor
A tool in BHA to drive the bit without rotating drillstring
Downhole telemetry
Transmitting of signals from downhole sensor to surface using either conductor line or by mud pulse ( as in MWD)
Drag
Force required to move drillstring due to the contact btw drillstring and the wall of the borehole
Drag bit
A bit with no cone or moving parts. Like fish tale bit or diamond bits
Drawworks
The large winch on the rig
Drift angle
Angle of wellbore from vertical plane
Drilling contractor
Company that owns the rig and hire the crew to operate it
Elevators
A lifting collar connected to traveling block
Emulsion
A mixture in which a liquid (dispersed phase) is uniformly distributed in another liquid (continuous phase)
Fastline
The part of the drilling line which connects drum of the drawworks to crown block
Filter cake
Mud cake. Wall cake
Filter press
A devise to measure mid filtration properties
Filtrate
Liquid part of mud
Flare
An open discharge of fluid or gas to the atmosphere which is usually ignited
Flex joint
A component of the marine riser system which can accommodate some lateral movement when drilling from a floater.
Float collar
Special device inserted one or two joints above the bottom of casing. Prevents the back flow of cement once it has been displaced
Floater
General term for a floating drilling rig
Float shoe
Functions as float collar and guide shoe
Flocculation
Conjunction of solids in a drilling fluid due to additives or contaminants
Spurt loss
The first effect of fluid loss in a formation with large pores. Followed by building up of filter cake as filtration continues
Fracture gradient
A measure of how the strength of the rock, varies with depth
Fulcrum assembly
A BHA designed to build hole inclination
Gas cut mud
Mud which has been contaminated by formation gas
Gel strength
The shear strength of mud when at rest.
Ability to hold solids in suspension
Bentonite and other colloidal clays have this characteristics
Geostatic pressure
Pressure exerted by a column of rock. In normal conditions it’s approximately 1 psi per foot
Lithostatic pressure
Overburden pressure
Guideline tensioner
A device to provide constant tention on the wire rope from subsea guide base back to a floating drilling rig
Gumbo
???
Gunk
Aterm to describe a mixture of diesel oil, bentonite and sometimes cement, which is used to combat lost circulation
Gusher
An uncontrolled release of oil from the wellbore at surface
Gyro multishot
Survey device that takes a series of photographic images. Measures direction by a gyroscopic compass.
Gyro single shot
Like multishot but surveys at static stations
Hole opener
A drilling tool to enlarge an existing hole to a larger diameter
Hopper
A large funnel shape device used to mix dry material with mud
Hwdp
Heavy weight drill pipe
Insert bit
A type of roller cone bit with tungsten carbide cutters set into the cones
Invert oil emulsion mud
An emulsion with oil as continuous phase, and water as dispersed phase
Jet deflection
A technique to deviate the wellbore, by washing away the formation using a badger bit
Jet sub
A tool used at the bottom of the drill pipe when the conductor pipe is being jetted into position ( only suitable when surface formations can be washed out by jetting)
Joint
A single length of pipe
Junk sub
A BHA tool, used to recover pieces of debris from well
Kelly
The heavy square or hexagonal steel pipe which runs through the rotary table and is used to rotate the drill string.
Kelly bushing
Also drive bushing
A device which fits into the rotary table and transmit the rotation from rotary table to kelly
Kelly cock
A valve installed between the kelly and the swivel. Controls the backflow of fluid up the drill string and isolates the swivel and hose from high pressures.
Kelly spinner
A typically pneumatic device, used for rotating the kelly. Because of low torque it is only useful for initial makeup of threaded tool joints.
It replaced the “spinning chains”
Key seat
A channel in the side of the wellbore due to dragging action of drill pipe in a dog leg
Key seat
A tool for eliminating key seats
Kill line
A high pressure line connecting mud pumps to the BOP stack to control the well.
Latitude
One of the coordinates used for plotting well path in horizontal plane. ( along y axis)
Lead angle
The direction at which the directional driller aims the well to compensate for bit walk. Lead angle is measured in degrees left or right of the proposed direction
Lost circulation
Also lost returns
Magnetic declination
The angle btw true north and magnetic north. This varies by location and changes slightly each year
Make up
To assemble and join components together to complete a unit (eg to make up a string of casing)
Marine riser
The pipe which connects the subsea BOP stack with the floating drilling rig.
Mast
A portable derrick capable of being erected as a whole.
Master bushing
Fits into and protects rotary table. Transmit the rotation from rotary to kelly bushing
Mill
A downhole tool for grinding metal debris in well.
Milled tooth bit
A roller cone consist of steel teeth projecting from the surface of the cones.
Monel
Non-magnetic drill collar so that it does not affect magnetic surveying instruments.
Monkey board
A platform for derrickman when handling drill pipes
Moon pool
The central slot under the drilling floor on a floating rig.
Motion compensator
A hydraulic or pneumatic device installed btw the traveling block and hook. For more constant WOB when drilling from a floating rig.
Mouse hole
A small hole under the derrick floor in which a stand of drill pipe is temporarily stored for later connection
MSL
Mean sea level
Mud balance
A device used for measuring the density of mud or cement slurry
Mud conditioning
Control of drilling fluid to ensure it has the correct properties
Mud motor
A BHA component used to rotate the bit without rotating the drillstring
