All Flashcards
Beginnings of agriculture
8000 BCE
invention of wheel, plough (Mesopotamia) and sail (Egypt)
3500 BCE
Invention of writing in Mesopotamia
3200 BCE
founding of first cities i n Sumeria
3000 BCE
invention of ironworking
7th century BCE
Beginnings of Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism and Greek Golden Age
5th century BCE
Alexander the Great
323 BCE
Qin unified China
221 BCE
Fail of the Mauryan dynasty
184 BCE
Beginnings of Christianity
32 CE
end of Pax Romana
180 CE
end of Han Dynasty
220 CE
Roman Emperor Constantine converts to Christianity
312 CE
Rise of the Gupta in India
320
Roman capital moved to Constantinople
333
Fall of Rome in the West ends 800 years of Roman hegemony
476
Justinian rules Byzantine Empire
527
Fall of the Gupta in India
550
Rise of Islam
622
Printing invented in China
730
Battle of Tours (end of Muslim move to France)
732
Decline of classical Maya
900
Schism of Greek and Latin Christian Churches divides Christianity permanently into two geographical
and denominational halves
1054
Norman Conquest of England
1066
Seljuk defeat of Byzantines (Battle of Manzikert)
1071
1 s t Crusade
1095
Genghis Khan begins his conquest of Asia
1206
Magna Carta signed by King John at Runnymede: beginning of constitutional rule.
1215
Mongols sack Baghdad
1258
Marco Polo travels
1271-1295
Rise of Ottomans
1300s
Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage
1324
travels of Ibn Battuta
1325-1349
Bubonic plague in Europe
1347-1348
end of Zheng He’s voyages
1433
Rise of the Inca
1438
Ottomans capture Constantinople
1453
Aztec Empire at its height
1486
Dias rounded Cape of Good Hope
1488
Columbus sailed to Hispaniola/Reconquista of Spain
1492
first African slaves transported to Caribbean
1502
Martin Luther/ 95 theses - Protestant Reformation
1517
Cortez conquered the Aztecs
1521
Pizarro toppled the Inca
1533
discovery of silver at Potosi
1545
Battle of Lepanto - naval defeat of Ottomans
1571
defeat of the Spanish Armada
1588
Battle of Sekigahara - beginning of Tokugawa Shogonate
1600
founding of Jamestown (first slaves there in 1619)
1607
30 years war in Europe
1618-1648
End of Ming Dynasty - rise of the Qing
1644
Establishment of Cape Town Colony
1652
unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna
1683
Glorious Revolution/ English Bill of Rights
1689
7 years war/French and Indian War
1756-1763
Invention of the Spinning Jenny: man-using machines
1767
The American Declaration of Independence
1775
American Revolution/Smith writes Wealth of Nations
1776
French Revolution - The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
1789
Edward Jenner’s smallpox vaccination: the first real breakthrough in combating infectious diseases
1796
Haitian independence
1804
British Abolition of the slave trade
1807
Latin American independence (first Mexican Revolution
1810-1825
Metternich hosts Congress of Vienna (after Battle of Waterloo: the Napoleonic Empire ends)
1815
1 s t opium war between China and England
1839
European revolutions/Marx & Engels write Communist Manifesto/The resolutions passed at the Seneca Falls Conference
in 1848
1848
Commodore Perry opens Japan
1853-
Sepoy Mutiny in India
1857-
end of Russian serfdom/Italian unification
1861
Emancipation Proclamation issued in US
1863
German unification
1871
Berlin Conference and Benz develops first petrol-driven car
1885
New Zealand is the first to award women suffrage; other nations in the Commonwealth soon follow
1893
Battle of Adwa - Ethiopians fend off Italians.
1896
Spanish-American War - Spain loses colonies (Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines)
1898
Boer War - Dutch under British rule in South Africa
1899
Russo-Japanese war and Einstein’s theory of special relativity published
1905
Mexican Revolution
1910 -1920
Chinese Revolution
1911
WWI/ Treaty of Versailles
1914 -1919
Russian Revolution
1917
stock market crash/ Great Depression
1929
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1931
Italian invasion of Ethiopia
1935
German blitzkrieg in Poland
1939
Pearl Harbor
1941
Soviets defeat Germans at Stalingrad
1943
end of WWII - and dropping of atomic bombs on Japan
1945
freedom & partition of India
1947
birth of Israel / The U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1948
Chinese Communist Revolution
1949
Korean War
1950-1953
Vietnamese defeat French at Dien Bien Phu
1954
de-Stalinization/Nationalization of Suez Canal
1956
Ghana is first African nation to gain independence
1957
Cuban Revolution and Invention of the silicon chip (beginning of computer age).
1959
6 day war/Chinese Cultural Revolution
1967
Yom Kippur War
1973
Iranian Revolution
1979
1 s t Palestinian Intifada
1987
Tiananmen Square/fall of Berlin Wall - Collapse of Communist regimes in Europe
1989
Namibia is the last country to gain independence in Africa
1990
Fall of USSR/ 1st Gulf war
1991
Genocide in Rwanda/ 1st all race elections in S. Africa
1994
9/11 attacks / War in Afghanistan
2001
Great Global Recession begins
2007
Wikileaks - Tunisian, Egyptian, Libyan, Yemenese, Syrian, mmBahraini etc. democracy movement
2011
