all-1716139341 Flashcards
what is the role of education according to NEW RIGHT - CHUBB and MOORE
-marketisation of education
chubb and moe - The marketisation of education
-state run education imposes a single type of school regardless of wishes/ needs
of parents
-free market should exist in education
-argument is based off a study where 60k pupils from low income families who
attended 1015 state/ private schools , it was found low income families do 5%
better in private school
what is the orle of education according to MARXIST ALTHUSSER
education is ISA
it reproduces class inequality, by trsnamitting it from generation to generation
by failing each succesive generation of the working class
legitimises class inequality by producing ideologies that persuade workers to
accept taht inequality is inevitable as if that idea is accepted they are less
likely to challenge capitalist beliefs
eval
- useful in exposing the ‘myth or metirocracy’
-POSTMODERNIST - MORROW + TORRES - argue society is more divers now - they see
non-class inequalities such as ethnicity or geneder to be equally important
what is the role of education according to FUNCTIONALIST DAVIS AND MOORE
- role allocation
+eval
inequality is neccesary to enable the most important jobs to be filled by the
most talented individuals
it would be inefficent and dangerous to have incompetant people in these
positions (piolts, surgeon)
education acts as proving ground for ability
-most abled gain highest qualifications
eval - TUMIN 1953
criticises Davis and Moore for putting forward a circular argument. How do we
know that a job is important? Answer: because it is highly rewarded. Why some
jobs are more highly rewarded? Answer: because it is important.
WHY BOYS DO WORSE
DECLINE IN MASCULINE JOBS
GLOBALISATION + DECLINE OF MENS JOBS
Mitsos & Browne - decline in male employment opportunities = identity crisis for
men. Boys believes that they have little prospect for getting proper job =
undermines motivation & self esteem
EXTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
impact of feminism
IMPACT OF FEMINISM since 1960 womens self esteem and amibtions have increased
and laws have changed
MCROBBIE 1994- study of girls magazine in 1970 it emphasised motherhood and now
shows independent women
EXTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
changed in family
-increased divorce + cohabitation + lone families affecting womens view as
sincreased women lead families where women take on breadwinner
EXTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
CHANGES IN WOMENS EMPLOYMENT
CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT
-1970 equal pay act
-1975 sex descrimination act
Greater career opportunities & better pay & role models = incentive for girls to
gain qualifications.
EXTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
girls changing ambition
GIRLS CHANGING AMBITIONS
SUE SHARP interview study
1970=low aspiration + succes is unfeminine
1990=see future as independant woman
INTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
MARKETISATION
girls are more likley tpo be accepted to better schools bcs they want better
grades
INTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
challengeing stereotypes
CHALLENGING STEROTYPES:
removal of stereotypes from textbooks removes barrier to achivement
INTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
teachers attention
boys and girls got diff attention
Jane & French 1993 - analysed classroom interaction, found = boys received more
attention because they attracted more reprimands.
INTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
gcse and coursework
GCSE AND COURSEWORK
Way pupils are assessed favoured girls & disadvantaged boys.
Mitsos & Browne 1998 - concluded girls = more successful in coursework as
they’re more dilligent workers & better organised
INTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
positive role models
Increase in female teachers & heads = positive role models for girls = show them
women can achieve
INTERNAL FACTORS ON GENDER + EDU
EQUAL OPPOURTUNITIES
EQUAL OPPOURTUNITIES
GIST - girls into science & technology.
WISE - women into science & engineering = encourage girls to pursue careers in
non traditional areas. Female scientists visit schools acting as role models
CULTURAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
language barriers
LANGUAGE BARRIERS
-crozier 2004: pakistani and bengali language barriiers + their inate trust for
school leave kids in their own hands
CULTURAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
culture of anti-school black masculinity
CULTURE OF ANTI-SCHOOL BLACK MASCULINITY
-toney sewell - black caribeasna have pressure to be street
CULTURAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
single parent households
SINGLE PARENT HOUSEHOLDS
-black ppl got lots and its not conducive to learning
- EVAL- black african has more lone parent than black caribean yet do better at
gcse
CULTURAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
parental control and expectration
PARENTAL CONTROL AND EXPECTATION
-Francis and Archer (2007) found that a high value is placed on education by
Chinese parents, coupled with a strong cultural tradition of respect for one’s
elders.
INTERNAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY
instirituional racism
INSTITUTIONAL RACISM
black caribeans are 2.5x more likely to be permed
INTERNAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
ethnocentric curiculum
ETHNOCENTRIC CURICULUM
only eurocentric languages and history and art
INTERNAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
BANDING AND STREAMING
steve strand - black caribean were less likely to be put into higher sets
INTERNAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
pupils subculture
PUPIL SUBCULTURE
TONEY SEWELL- black caribeans have pressure to reject schls values and b street
INTERNAL FACTORS ON ETHNICITY + EDU
teacher labelling
-TEACHER LABELLING
TONEY SEWELL - black masculinity is seen as threatning due to teachers racist
socialisation
CONNOLLY - soth asian boys are labbeled as high performers
which internal factors explain diffeneces in achivment between ethniicty
TEACHER LABELLING
TONEY SEWELL - black masculinity is seen as threatning due to teachers racist
socialisation
CONNOLLY - soth asian boys are labbeled as high performers
PUPIL SUBCULTURE
TONEY SEWELL- black caribeans have pressure to reject schls values and b street
BANDING AND STREAMING
steve strand - black caribean were less likely to be put into higher sets
ETHNOCENTRIC CURICULUM
only eurocentric languages and history and art
INSTITUTIONAL RACISM
black caribeans are 2.5x more likely to be permed
what did steve strand find
african caribean pupils did worse than white peers even when controlling for
socio-economic disadvanteages and cultural factors
what cultural factors cause ethniicty differences in achivement
PARENTAL CONTROL AND EXPECTATION
-Francis and Archer (2007) found that a high value is placed on education by
Chinese parents, coupled with a strong cultural tradition of respect for one’s
elders.
SINGLE PARENT HOUSEHOLDS
-black ppl got lots and its not conducive to learning
- EVAL- black african has more lone parent than black caribean yet do better at
gcse
CULTURE OF ANTI-SCHOOL BLACK MASCULINITY
-toney sewell - black caribeasna have pressure to be street
LANGUAGE BARRIERS
-crozier 2004: pakistani and bengali language barriiers + their inate trust for
school leave kids in their own hands
does material deprevation explain differences in ethnic achivement
- Indian and White children have similar levels of wealth and income but Indian
children beat White children at GCSE by 11% - Chinese children are poorer than both Indian and White children but Chinese
kids get the best GCSE results of all.
what are the ethnic differences in hosuehold income
net median household wealth 2016-2018:
white and indian - 300k
chinese - 70k
black african - 40k
why do boys underacghive in education
LITERACY
parents spend less time reading w boys
GLOBALISATION + DECLINE OF MENS JOBS
Mitsos & Browne - decline in male employment opportunities = identity crisis for
men. Boys believes that they have little prospect for getting proper job =
undermines motivation & self esteem
FEMINISATION OF EDUCATION
Sewell - boys fall behind as education has become feminised. Schools don’t
nurture masculine traits = competitiveness & leadership rather they focus on
courseowkr
LACK OF ROLE MODELS
only 14% of primary teachers are men
Lack of male roles models at home & school = underachievement of boys.
LADDISH SUBCULUTRE
why do some girls achive less tha others
Hyper heterosexual feminine identities
this identity causes conflict w school as it focuses on constructing desirable &
glamorous hyper heterosexual feminine identities.rather than work