all

Question 1

what is cellular respiration?

Answer 1

A chemical reaction that takes place in air cells

Question 2

and what is gaseous exchange? 

Answer 2

The diffusion of oxygen from the air in Gaviola into the blood, and of the carbon dioxide from the blood into the air in the alveoli 

Question 3

explain the steps of breathing

Answer 3

when we breathe in air first passes through a nose or mouth, the air moves down or trachea it, then further divided between our bronchioles from there it divides between out two bronchi lastly it reaches our aveoli 

Question 4

where does gas exchange take place?

Answer 4

Alveoli

Question 5

why is aveoli a good?

Answer 5

enormous surface area, moist lining, gases dissolve, thin walls, good blood supply, one cell thick

Question 6

what are alveoli surrounded by?

Answer 6

Capillaries

Question 7

where are salivary amylase, produced, its substrate, and what products are formed 

Answer 7

It’s produced in the saliva re glands. Its substrate is starch and maitose is formed.


Question 8

pepsin
•produced
•substrate
•products former

Answer 8

•stomach
•protein
•amino acids

Question 9

trypsin

Answer 9

•pancreas
•protein
•amino acids

Question 10

Where does the blood to go through?

Answer 10

Vena cava

Question 11

What does the hearts contain to prevent blood from flowing backwards?

Answer 11

Valves

Question 12

What is a group of cells called?

Answer 12

pacemaker



Question 13

White blood cells

Answer 13

Large cells, which have a nucleus
defence system,
Lymphocytes produce antibodies 

Question 14

plasma 

Answer 14

liquid portion of your blood
Transport
Worst carbon dioxide made by cells carry to lungs
Carries a red and white blood cells and paletes

Question 15

Red blood cells

Answer 15

Collect oxygen
Packed with haemoglobin binds oxygen
No nucleus, allowing space for haemoglobin
Transports oxygen to needed cells

Question 16

platelets

Answer 16

no nucleus
Blood clotting

Question 17

what happens to the diaphragm when you inhale and exhale?

Answer 17

 The diaphragm contracts, when inhaling in relaxes and moves up when exhaling

Question 18

What happens to the diaphragm muscle and inhaling and exhaling?

Answer 18

When inhaling it contracts, when exhaling it relaxes

Question 19

what happens to the volume in the chest cavity when inhaling and exhaling

Answer 19

When inhaling it increases, and when exhaling, it gets smaller

Question 20

What happens to the ribs when inhaling and exhaling?

Answer 20

When inhaling the ribs go up and down, and when exhaling, they relax

Question 21

What happens to the intercostal muscles when inhaling and exhaling?

Answer 21

When inhaling the contract when exhaling, they relax

Question 22

what are chemicals in cigarettes that are linked to causing cancer?

Answer 22

Nicotine, tar,carbon monoxide, formaldehyde

Question 23

What are the risk factors for a cardiovascular diseases?

Answer 23

High cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and obesity

Question 24

when do coronary arteries become blocked? and why does it effect someone?

Answer 24

 When Layaigh is a fatty material called plaque buildup along the artery walls, this causes the arteries to become restricted cutting of oxygen supply to the heart


Question 25

what is heart failure?

Answer 25

Air condition where the heart is feeling to pump sufficient blood around the body at the appropriate pressure

Question 26

What are the pros and cons of stents?

Answer 26

Pros are it is quick and long-lasting cons, a surgery risk of infection

Question 27

pros and cons of statins

Answer 27

Pros are good cholesterol. cons are taken regularly headaches, and kidney failure

Question 28

pros and cons of replacement valves

Answer 28

praise are strong and long-lasting, cons are can clot and wear out

Question 29

pros and cons of heart transplant

Answer 29

Can work, but the cons a shortage of donor hearts and need to be tissue matched

Question 30

what are the cons of artificial hearts?

Answer 30

Motor might fail, bloodflow isn’t as smooth

Question 31

What is a tumour? 

Answer 31

an abnormal mass of cells 

Question 32

how do you tumours form?

Answer 32

When a group of cells, undergo uncontrolled growth and division

Question 33

what are benign tumours? 

Answer 33

they are growth of abnormal cells that are contained in one area, usually within a membrane and do not evade other tissues

Question 34

what are malignant tumours? 

Answer 34

They invade neighbouring tissues, and spread to different parts of the body in the blood, where they from secondary tumours

Question 35

 what tumour does cancer refer to?

Answer 35

malignant

Question 36

what is metastasis?

Answer 36

When a cancer cell is spread to new areas of the body

Question 37

mitosis

Answer 37

Part of the cell cycle, where one set of new chromosomes is Paul to each end of the cell, forming two identical nuclei during cell division

Question 38

risk factors of lung cancer

Answer 38

Caused by smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, pollution, family

Question 39

skin cancer

Answer 39

Exposure to sunrise sunbeds, first skin, red hair, age, moles and freckles 

Question 40

cervical cancer

Answer 40

HPV virus being overweight, smoking family, history, sexual transmits

Question 41

Breast cancer

Answer 41

Age women are at greater risk, inherited genes, race, and ethnicity

Question 42

testicular cancer

Answer 42

Men, born with abnormal testicles, middle-aged men, race, family history,tall men, infertility, sexually transmitted

Question 43

Brain tumours

Answer 43

Age being overweight medical radiation, smoking alcohol previous cancers, genetic history

Question 44

what form an organ system

Answer 44

 the stem route and leaves

Question 45

Root hair cell

Answer 45

increase the surface area over which osmosis takes place lots of active transport

Question 46

why a sales pack for chloroplasts that are long

Answer 46

Maximise photosynthesis

Question 47

What are stomata?

Answer 47

Stomata a tiny holes found on the top and underside of a leaf

Question 48

what do the pores of stomata allow it to do?

Answer 48

They allow carbon dioxide to diffuse into the leaf and oxygen and water to diffuse out of the leaf

Question 49

what happens when the guard cells are filled with water?

Answer 49

They are turoid and the stomata opens

Question 50

what happens when the guard cells lose water?

Answer 50

They become flaccid, and the stomata closes

Question 51

What is xylem?

Answer 51

It transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

Question 52

what is phloem

Answer 52

It transports food from the leaves to the rest of the plant

Question 53

what are vascular bundles?

Answer 53

Pipe like structures in the plants