All Flashcards
What is the common feature showing in patients with sinus congestion?
Headch when laying their head down
what can you suggest for babes with speaking difficulties
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does allergic rhinitis causes palaptation
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) usually doesn’t directly cause heart palpitations. However, the stress and anxiety from allergy symptoms can temporarily raise your heart rate in some cases.
what is the most common sign of allergic rhinitis?
Rhinitis may cause severe nasal congestion when lying down
Allergic rhinosinusitis
It is inflammation of the nasal passages and sinuses due to allergies.
The patient came in complaining of nosebleeds but he did not feel any pain. What is the most common diagnosis ?
- Deviated nasal septum is a condition where the wall that separates the nostrils is crooked or displaced.
- This condition can create uneven airflow in the nasal passages, leading to several potential issues, including:
Nasal Friction
Nasal Crusts
Trauma
Dryness
What are some of the common symptoms of vocal cord allergy?
Difficulty breathing, coughing and hoarseness
how can lymph node enlargement cause difficulty in breathing
tonsils enlargement or another lymph node close to the trachea can press on the trachea (windpipe) leading to breath difficulty .
How can tonsil enlargement cause arrhythmia?
However, severe tonsil enlargement can lead to obstructive sleep apnea, which, if left untreated, may contribute to cardiovascular issues, including arrhythmias, over time.
Glaucoma
is a group of eye diseases that damage the ‘‘optic nerve’’, leading to vision loss and blindness.
What is Eye discharge in toddlers and babies?
is common and usually harmless, it happens due to blocked eye discharge often due to a blocked tear or viral infection
Otitis extern?
It’s an ear infection caused by water or staying in the water for a long period creating a good environment for bacterial growth.
Osteomyelitis
It is a bone infection, often caused by bacteria, characterized by symptoms like bone pain, swelling, redness, and fever.
What is Vertigo and what are the common cause of it
Vertigo is loss of balance headache and nausea and can be associated with benign paroxysmal position vertigo (BPPV) a condition affecting the inner ear’s balance system.
What can increase salt concentration in the body temporarily
An increase in urea
Why dialysis patients can feel fatigued and pain in the extremity
Because dialysis can low calcium and phosphate in the body
What is diet treatment for patients with edema
Low salt in the diet and more calcium like in dates
In young patients what is the most common cause of abdominal pain
UTI being one potential cause
A UTI, or urinary tract infection,
is an infection in the urinary system, often caused by bacteria. Common symptoms include frequent urination, pain or burning while urinating, and cloudy or strong-smelling urine.
What is the different in symptoms in terms of upper and lower UTI
Upper UTI involve kidneys and often associate with fever , chills , flank pain (pain in the lower back or side)
And Vomiting.
Lower UTI involve bladder and urethra, they don’t causes fever but can causes frequent ruination , burning sensation(dysuria) and cloudy or bloody urine . THE MOST COMMON LOWER UTI IS CYSTITIS
What is common cause of sudden intense pain, typically in the side or back and lower abdominal pain frequent , unprination, blood in urine and nausea
Kidney stones
What can result in positive polyycystic and could lead to pelvic expansion
Kidney stones
Nephritic syndrome cause
Low level of albumin in the blood called hypoalbumin
What is the UCR test
It’s measure how effect the kidney is in removing Uris acid from the body through urine. It also help in diagnose related conditions related to uric acid metabolism
BPH
Enlarged prostate is non cancerous condition where the prostate gland gradually enlarged causes frequent urination difficulties emptying the bladder
BPH SURGERY
involve removing the extra tissue from prostate to relive the symptoms common procedures include TURP,
A hemorrhagic cyst
is an ovarian cyst that contains blood due to a ruptured blood vessel. It can cause pelvic pain and irregular menstrual bleeding but usually resolves on its own.
Quadriceps muscle
Strong fibrous cord that attach the quadriceps muscle to the bone.
Tear in the meniscus or torn meniscus
refer to an injury in the knee’s cartilage
ACL tear
Involve damage to the anterior cruciate ligament
MCL tear
Affect the medical collateral ligament
What causes smooth muscle spasms
Nerve issue r mineral imbalance.
What is muscle cramps
Are sudden painful muscle contraction stretching its due to dehydration
Myoclonus
is brief sudden muscle movement. It happen when the muscle incorrectly active and last for use fraction of second
How to determine whether or not is an infection
If pain happen more than a week is not an infection
beta-blocker commonly used for conditions like anxiety and palpitations.
propranolol
H.pylori what neurological disorder could be related it
H.pylori could be related to restless leg syndrome RLS
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Peptic ulcer
Untreated chronic infection can lead to
Rheumatic arthritis , inflammation bowels diseases ( Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis) chronic respiratory infection and chronic skin infection.
Best test for viral liver disease
Viral load
What amount of paracetamol is bad for failure liver
Any amount of paracetamol is bad
What commonly present with females having nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Diabetes
Why Gilbert’s syndrome can cause mild Jaundice
Cause it can rise bilirubin level but not consider serious
Why benign mass on the liver can cause sever pain
Because of sever pain due to stretching of the liver capsule pressure on near organs
Hyperacute
It could indicate a rapid development and sever pain associate with acute condition
Causes of abdominal irritation in babies
Wrong feeding method , incorrect latching, overfeeding , use the wrong formula feeding or feeding too quickly
What physical symptoms can be cause by anxiety, panic attack
Abdominal pain GI issues like diarrhea
Psychiatric patients will straight ask for lab test
It’s important to along with there request and never argue
Cause of Throat Lump Sensation (Globus) mostly is
anxiety or stress more specifically known as globes hysterics
Two physical signs of appendix
also note that lab result maybe normal at first but signs of appendix may show
Rebound tenderness (pain when lifting your hand form the area) and percussion pain over McBurney’s point.
What would be the associate symptoms of bloated colon if happen in the right upper corner
This can exert pressure on the diagram thus effect the breathing
This can happen for different reasons include
Has bullied up
Constipation
Gastrointestinal issues
Would IBS causes vascular problems
While IBS is IG problem causes diarrhea or bloating , constipation and abdominal pain it doesn’t effect the heart. However stress from these symptoms can causes increase blood pressure and heart rate temporarily
Causes of bloody diarrhea
Hemorrhoids, colitis, Polyps, infection or cancer
Can IBS HAPPEN UNDER belly button
Yes
What is Melena and what can causes it
Dark tarry stool due to upper gastric bleeding thus it can be caused by peptic ulcer and it can lead to anemia over time due to blood loss
What can cause neuropathy and increase risk of joint problems
Diabetes
Can infant still be effect of mother was diagnosed with hepatitis
Yes specially B and C
Gastroparesis
Is when damage to the vagus nerve stops food from moving into the intestines from the stomach
Mesenteric lymphadenitis
Is the inflammation and enlargement of lymph nodes in the abdominal areas often due to infection.
Treatment involve rest and management the underline cause
Klebsiella
Type of bacteria that causes infection specially when it become antibiotic resistance
Pain radiate to the back from the abdominal mostly indicate
Pancreas
Causes and symptoms of sever jaundice (that girl)
Sever pain with jaundice mostly indicates underline disease like
Hemolytic anemia
Liver disease
Bile duct obstruction
Medications or toxins
Sickle cell disease
Appendix pain radiate
Initially, the pain often begins in the central part of the abdomen, near the belly button (umbilicus). then migrate or radiate to the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, which is a common characteristic of appendicitis. THIS IS KNOWN AS REFERRED PAIN
Why old people will not present with high temp when
Diagnosed with septic
Because they have low immunity same goes with aids and transplant patients
Does pain in the left arm always cardio related
No IBS can causes numbness in the left arm and another sign relate with IBS is patients are constantly angers
Amebiasis
An intestinal illness caused by small parasites called entamoeba histolytica. Often have no symptoms but can present with diarrhea and weight loss
Pain on the two lower side of the abdominal causes are
Hernia, fibrosis, and lymph nodes
Rosacea
Is a long term inflammation skin condition that causes reddened skin and rash usually on the nose and cheeks
Cellulitis
Is inflammatory skin condition that often appears as redness and swelling, usually in areas like the thighs and buttocks.
It can be result of fat accumulation
Circulatory issues, stress or hormones
Xanthoma
Is condition characterize by fatty deposits in the blood vessels, often visible on the skin, which can lead to the enlargement of blood vessels and the formation of yellowish fatty deposits.
Meropenem
Is an antibiotic belong to carbapenemes calls effective agensit both + and -bacteria and its typically admitted intravenously.
Reddish patches on both legs causes
Skin rash, heat exposure
Skin inflammation
Or underline skin condition
Ingrown toenail
Occurs when the toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain and inflammation. It’s often due to improper nail trimming or injury
Change in the tone color to green
Could be mostly due to fungal infection
What is called non painful fatty build up under the eye
Fatty cyst under the eye
Skin conditions that can cause permanent pigmentation
Melasma. Post-information , hyperpigmentation
Vitiligo, albinism, tattoos and certain birthmarks
Hives or urticaria ارتكابا
Is skin reaction that cause itchy welts
Ganglion appears mostly near or on joins and tendons
It’s a non cancerous lump
Causes of unusual growth or protrusion on finger
Cyst, pimples , injury or abnormal skin growth
What is very effective supplement for viral or bacteria infection
Zinc
most common cause of asthma
Family history
