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1
Q

What is an ion?

A

an ion is an atom or a group of atom that has a charge

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2
Q

what is the name for a ‘+’ charged ion?

A

cation

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3
Q

When an atom has the same number of proton and elecctron, the atom is? (what charge)

A

neutral, no charge

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4
Q

what is the name for a negatively charged ion?

A

anion

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5
Q

When a group of atoms comes together and forms a charge, it is a ____________

A

polyatomic ion

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6
Q

Ionic bonds are formed with which two types of elements?

A

metals and non-metals

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7
Q

the name of the bond that involves a metal and non-metal is called a?

A

ionic bonds

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8
Q

how to describe an ionic bond?

A

bonds between metal and non - metal, usually the metal atom gives off an electron to the non metal atom, which forms opposite charges that stick the two atoms together.

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9
Q

what is the name of a negatively charged chlorine atom?

A

chloride ion

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10
Q

there are ____ (how many) known elements that are recognized by the chemists.

A

118

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11
Q

The atoms in the periodic table of elements are arranged by ____.

A

number of proton in each atom (or atomic number)

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12
Q

what is the first element in the periodic table?

A

Hydrogen

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13
Q

elements are either classified as ____ or ____, (what type)

A

metal, non metal

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14
Q

____ is the first element of the periodic table.

A

Hydrogen

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15
Q

elements in the periodic tables are arranged in groups (column) and periods (rows) and every group has its special properties, the first column is ____ group.

A

Alkali metals

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16
Q

alkali metals are ____, ____, and extremely _____.(properties)

A

shiny, soft, reactive.

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17
Q

____ is an exception in this first group, even though alkali metals are metals, this element is considered as non-metal.

A

Hydrogen

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18
Q

Alkali metals are usually stored in oiled containers because they are ______.

A

extremely reactive.

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19
Q

Alkali metals all have ____ electron on their valance shell.

A

1

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20
Q

____ is a row of elements in the periodic table.

A

period

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21
Q

alkaline earth metals are the ______ (which column) group of the periodic table of elements.

A

second

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22
Q

____ (a type of element) is solid at room temperature, with a shiny appearance, and very malleable, this type of element is also a very good conductor.

A

metals

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23
Q

What are some of the properties of non-metal elements?

A

it could be solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature, it acts as an insulator, it has a dull look, it is brittle.

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24
Q

what is an element that is an exception that we have to give it its own type?

A

Hydrogen

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25
Q

Alkaline earth metals are _____, and______

A

light, reactive

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26
Q

group 17 on the periodic table of elements is _____

A

halogen

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27
Q

Halogens are _________ (property)

A

one of the most reactive groups in the periodic table of elements.

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28
Q

Halogens have _____ (how many) valance electrons in their outer shell.

A

7

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29
Q

noble gas is the _____ (what number) th group of the periodic table of elements.

A

18

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30
Q

Noble gas is the most _____ group of atoms in the periodic table of elements.

A

stable

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31
Q

Noble gas doesn’t react to other elements because ______ (how many atoms are in the valance shell)

A

they have a full valance shell. (eight electrons)

32
Q

how many electrons can the first ring of an atom hold up to?

A

2

33
Q

a ___________ is a diagram representing the atom’s arrangement of electrons in orbit around the nucleus.

A

Bohr-rutherford diagram

34
Q

The number of neutrons = atomic mass - _______

A

atomic numbers

35
Q

lithium, with an atomic mass of 7 and a atomic number of 3, what is the number of neutrons existing in this atom?

A

4

36
Q

this first orbit of the electron has 2 electrons, and the second orbit has ____ electrons.

A

2, 8

37
Q

____ are substances made up of more than one atoms.

A

compounds

38
Q

metal elements tend to _____ electrons while Bonding

A

Loose

39
Q

Most non-metal elements has ____ to ___ electrons in their valance shell.

A

4 to 8

40
Q

hydrogen is an exception because it only has ___ electron(s) and it is also a non-metal.

A

1

41
Q

______ is a compound that separates into ions when it is dissolved in water, producing a solution that conducts electricity.

A

electrolyte

42
Q

most ____ compounds are electrolytes because when dissolved into water they can conduct electricity.

A

ionic

43
Q

_____ compounds are usually hard brittle solids with a high melting point.

A

ionic

44
Q

_________ is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eyes.

A

light spectrum

45
Q

light spectrum is the portion of the __________ that is visible to the human eyes.

A

electromagnetic spectrum

46
Q

ranging from the wavelength in descending order.

radio wave, _______, visible light, ultraviolet rays, x-ray, gamma ray.

A

infrared

47
Q

ranging from the wavelength in descending order.

radio wave, infrared wave, visible light, _______, x-ray, gamma ray.

A

ultraviolet rays

48
Q

there are __ (how many) rays in the Electro-Magnetic spectrum.

A

7

49
Q

_________ has the highest frequency of all the rays.

A

Gamma rays

50
Q

the _____ the frequency the higher the energy.

A

higher

51
Q

the _____ the frequency the lower the energy.

A

lower

52
Q

the higher the frequency the ____ the energy.

A

higher

53
Q

______ (what wave) has the lowest frequency.

A

Radio

54
Q

in ____ model of light, light is described as a line or a ray that shows where the light is traveling.

A

ray

55
Q

light can travel through a ______ (what kind of object) without changing the direction of the light or being completely absorbed.

A

transparent

56
Q

light cannot pass through a ______ object.

A

opaque

57
Q

the direction of the light gets scattered all over the place when light passes through a _____ object.

A

translucent

58
Q

in the law of reflection, the incoming light ray that is about to strike the object is called?

A

incident ray

59
Q

in the law of reflection, the light ray that bounced off the barrier is called?

A

reflected ray

60
Q

in the law of reflection, a dotted barrier is drawn perpendicular to the barrier, this line is called?

A

normal

61
Q

in the law of reflection, the angle created by the normal and ____is equal to the angle formed by normal and reflected ray.

A

incident ray

The angle made by the normal and incident ray is called “the angle of incidence”

62
Q

in the law of reflection, the angle created by the normal and incident ray is equal to the angle formed by the normal and _______.

A

reflected ray

The angle formed by the normal and the ray of reflection is called “angle of reflection”

63
Q

in a plane mirror

The angle of reflection __ (a statement) angle of incidence

A

= (equal to)

64
Q

Refraction of light happens when light travels through objects with different _____.

A

density

65
Q

the higher the density the _____ (speed) the light travels.

A

slower

66
Q

the ____ the density the faster the light travles.

A

lower

67
Q

the more the light bend towards the normal when refraction happens, the _____ (speed) the light travels.

A

slower

68
Q

when light bends away from the normal during refraction, the light is traveling to a ____ density (density of the object) object.

A

lower

69
Q

C^2 = A^2 + B^2 - 2AB * Cos (C)

is the equation for the ____ law.

A

cosine

70
Q

the light ray that passes through a concave lens _____ (converge or diverge)

A

diverge

71
Q

light travels at a speed of _________ in the air.

A

3*10^8 m/s

72
Q

concave lenses are ___ (thickness) in the middle.

A

thinner

73
Q

convex lenses are ____ (thickness) in the middle.

A

wider

74
Q

_____ lenses are thinner in the middle.

A

concave

75
Q

_____ lenses are thicker in the middle.

A

convex

76
Q

placing an object at ______ (distance) in front of a concave lens, the image will appear smaller and upright.

A

any distance

77
Q

all of the image concave lense produce is _____ (virtual or real)

A

virtual

Science in General (2 decks)

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