Alkenes Definitions Flashcards
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Contains at least one C=C or C≡C bond
Sigma bond
A covalent bond formed by the linear overlap of atomic orbitals
Pi bond
A covalent bond formed by the sideways overlap of p orbitals
Bond length
The distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms
Hydrogenation
Addition of a hydrogen molecule across a C=C bond
Electrophile
An ion or molecule that attacks a region of high electron density
Primary carbocation
A carbocation which has one carbon atom directly bonded to the positively charged carbon
Secondary carbocation
A carbocation which has two carbon atoms directly bonded to the positively charged carbon
Tertiary carbocation
A carbocation which has three carbon atoms directly bonded to the positively charged carbon
Polymerisation
Joining together of many small molecules to form a large molecule
Monomers
Many small molecules which join together to form a polymer
Polymer
A large molecule formed when monomers join together
Average bond enthalpy
The energy required to break one mole of a given bond averaged over many compounds
