Alkenes and Benzene (2) Flashcards
Name the compound with the formula of C6H5Cl
Chlorobenzne
What is the product when phenol reacts with dilute HNO3?
A mixture of 2-nitrphenol and 4-nitrophenol
Describe how you would separate organic and aqeuos liquids?
Pour into separating funnel and drain off the lower layer.
Identify a piece of apparatus which allows reflux without your solvent boiling away
Condenser
What cools a condenser?
Flow of water
How does the mechanism of nitration of benzene show that H2SO4 is a catalyst?
H2SO4 is regenerated from H+ and HSO4-
What is the formula of benzene?
C6H6
Why do aromatic compounds do electrophilic substitution and not addition?
Substituting ensures stable pi-ring is reformed
Name the compound with the formula C6H5CHO
Benzaldehyde
Describe the kekule model of benzene
Alternating single and double bonds
Why is a condenser never sealed at the top when carrying out reflux?
Pressure of gases would build up
Which reaction vessels do we usually use in organic chemistry?
Round-bottom flasks
Name the compound with the formula C6H5OH
Phenol
Why is phenol more reactive than benzene?
Lone pair of electrons on O donated into pi system, so higher electron density attracts electrophiles more.
Identify a 2 stage synthesis to make a ketone from an alkene
Steam +H3PO4 catalyst to make ketone and then oxdise with acidified potassium dichromate under reflux
How can you tell from its bromination reaction that phenol is more reactive than benzene?
Dosent need a halogen carrier to react with Br2
Name the compound with the formula C6H5COOH
Benzoic acid
Name the electrophile made in step 1 of nitration of benzene
Nitronium ion
How can you tell from its nitration reaction that phenol is more reactive than benzene?
Reacts with dilute HNO3 and no need for H2SO4 catalyst
What are the conditions and reagants for bromination fo benzene?
Br2 and a halogen carrier
How many different structural isomers of dichlorobenzene are there?
3
Identify a 2 stage synthesis to make an aldehyde from an primary haloalkane
Reflux with NaOH to make a primary alcohol and oxidise with acidified potassium dichromate under reflux
How can you purify organic liquids?
Separate in a separating funnel wash with water and dry with anhydrous salt.
