Alkenes and Benzene (2)

Question 1

Name the compound with the formula of C6H5Cl

Answer 1

Chlorobenzne

Question 2

What is the product when phenol reacts with dilute HNO3?

Answer 2

A mixture of 2-nitrphenol and 4-nitrophenol

Question 3

Describe how you would separate organic and aqeuos liquids?

Answer 3

Pour into separating funnel and drain off the lower layer.

Question 4

Identify a piece of apparatus which allows reflux without your solvent boiling away

Answer 4

Condenser

Question 5

What cools a condenser?

Answer 5

Flow of water

Question 6

How does the mechanism of nitration of benzene show that H2SO4 is a catalyst?

Answer 6

H2SO4 is regenerated from H+ and HSO4-

Question 7

What is the formula of benzene?

Answer 7

C6H6

Question 8

Why do aromatic compounds do electrophilic substitution and not addition?

Answer 8

Substituting ensures stable pi-ring is reformed

Question 9

Name the compound with the formula C6H5CHO

Answer 9

Benzaldehyde

Question 10

Describe the kekule model of benzene

Answer 10

Alternating single and double bonds

Question 11

Why is a condenser never sealed at the top when carrying out reflux?

Answer 11

Pressure of gases would build up

Question 12

Which reaction vessels do we usually use in organic chemistry?

Answer 12

Round-bottom flasks

Question 13

Name the compound with the formula C6H5OH

Answer 13

Phenol

Question 14

Why is phenol more reactive than benzene?

Answer 14

Lone pair of electrons on O donated into pi system, so higher electron density attracts electrophiles more.

Question 15

Identify a 2 stage synthesis to make a ketone from an alkene

Answer 15

Steam +H3PO4 catalyst to make ketone and then oxdise with acidified potassium dichromate under reflux

Question 16

How can you tell from its bromination reaction that phenol is more reactive than benzene?

Answer 16

Dosent need a halogen carrier to react with Br2

Question 17

Name the compound with the formula C6H5COOH

Answer 17

Benzoic acid

Question 18

Name the electrophile made in step 1 of nitration of benzene

Answer 18

Nitronium ion

Question 19

How can you tell from its nitration reaction that phenol is more reactive than benzene?

Answer 19

Reacts with dilute HNO3 and no need for H2SO4 catalyst

Question 20

What are the conditions and reagants for bromination fo benzene?

Answer 20

Br2 and a halogen carrier

Question 21

How many different structural isomers of dichlorobenzene are there?

Answer 21

3

Question 22

Identify a 2 stage synthesis to make an aldehyde from an primary haloalkane

Answer 22

Reflux with NaOH to make a primary alcohol and oxidise with acidified potassium dichromate under reflux

Question 23

How can you purify organic liquids?

Answer 23

Separate in a separating funnel wash with water and dry with anhydrous salt.