Alkenes and Alcohols

Question 1

Define electrophile

Answer 1

Electron pair acceptor

Question 2

Why is tertiary carbocations stable?

Answer 2

Has 3 alkyl groups donating electrons to it

Question 3

What is addition polymers made from ?

Answer 3

Long Chain of alkenes

Question 4

What do plasticisers do to PVC?

Answer 4

Makes it more flexible by reducing intermolecular forces between chains

Question 5

Reaction name for turning alcohol into alkene?
Conditions
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Answer 5

Dehydration

H2SO4
H3PO4

Question 6

Alkene --> alcohol 
Mechanism? 
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Conditions? 
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Answer 6

Electrophilic addition/ hydration

Solid H3PO4
300 degrees
60atm

Question 7

Fermentation of glucose conditions?
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Equation?

Answer 7

Anaerobic, yeast, 30 degrees

C2H1206 —> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 8

How to make an aldehyde and ketones?

Answer 8

Add acidified potassium dichromate to primary alcohol for aldehyde
And secondary alcohol for ketone

Question 9

Test for aldehyde

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Answer 9

Fehlings solution –> brick red ppt.
Benedict’s reagent –> brick red ppt.
Tollen’s reagent –> silver mirror on test tube wall

Question 10

How to make Tollens reagent?

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Answer 10

Add silver nitrate
Add dilute NaOH (light brown ppt. formed)
Add dilute ammonia solution (ppt. Dissolves)
(place in water bath with aldehyde)