Alkenes

Question 1

→How does addition polymerisation in alkenes occur?

Answer 1

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Addition polymerisation in alkenes occurs when the double bonds of the alkene molecules are broken and new single
bonds are formed between the carbon atoms of adjacent
monomers. This results in the formation of a long chain of
carbon atoms, or polymer.

Question 2

What’s carbocation ?

Answer 2

Carbocation is an ion with positively carbon atom

Question 3

What is the mechanism for alkene addition reactions?

Answer 3

Alkene addition reactions occur through a process called electrophilic addition, in which an electrophile (an electron-deficient species) reacts with the alkene double bond, adding the electrophile to both carbon atoms of the double bond.

Question 4

Explain why does dominating products of electrophilic addiction depends on carbocations ?

Answer 4

The dominating product depends on the stability of the carbocation that is formed. During the reaction a carbocation intermediate will be formed and it is more stable when it has more alkyl groups (alkane with a hydrogen removed e.g. -CH3) attached to it. This is because the alkyl groups donate electrons to the positive charge of the carbocation making it more stable. Alkyl groups are said to have a positive inductive effect on the positively charged carbon atom.