Alkanes and Alkenes

Question 1

What are homologous series?

Answer 1

A series of compounds that have the same chemical properties due to the same functional group. Each member differs from the next by CH₂. They also show a trend in their physical properties

Question 2

What is a functional group?

Answer 2

An atom or group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of the compound

Question 3

The major constituent of natural gas:

Answer 3

Methane

Question 4

The general formula for alkanes:

Answer 4

Cn H2n+2

Question 5

States of alkanes and alkenes at room temperature:

Answer 5

Metha(e)ne to Buta(e)ne: GAS

Penta(e)ne to Deca(e)ne: LIQUIDS

Question 6

Chemical properties of alkanes:

Answer 6

Strong bonds…unreactive

Question 7

Two reactions of alkanes:

Answer 7

Combustion

Substitution

Question 8

Condition for substitution reactions of alkanes:

Answer 8

Sunlight (UV)

Question 9

A mixture of bromine and methane gas is colored:

Answer 9

Orange

Question 10

Chemical properties of alkenes:

Answer 10

Much more reactive than alkanes

Question 11

Test for saturation:

Answer 11

Using bromine water (orange) with saturated hydrocarbons: color persists

With unsaturated hydrocarbons, the
solution becomes colorless