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A Level Chemistry Inorganic > Alkali Group 2 Metals and halogens > Flashcards

Alkali Group 2 Metals and halogens Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the trend in group 2 metals going down the periodic table in atomic size

A

The atomic size increases as going down group 2 as the number of outer shells increases

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2
Q

What is the trend for in first ionisations energy in group 2 elements going down the group

A

First ionisation energy decreases going down group 2 as the outer shells are more shielded from the nucleus by the inner electrons so they are held less closely and so are easier to remove

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3
Q

What is the trend in electronegativity going down group 2

A

Electronegativity decreases as the outer shells are shielded from the nucleus and so the attraction reduced

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4
Q

State the trend in melting points of elements going down group 2

A

The melting points of the elements decrease going down group 2 as the attraction between the cations and delocalised electrons decreases due to atom getting bigger

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5
Q

What is produced when MG reacts with steam and give the equation

A

Mg+2H20->Mg(oh )+H2

It reacts with steam

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6
Q

Give the equations for when strontium and barium react with cold water

A

Sr+2H2O->Sr(OH)+H2

Ba+2H2O->Ba(OH)+H2

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7
Q

State the trend in solubitly of sulphates in group 2 and give the most soluble and insouble

A

Solubility of sulphates decreases going down group 2

I.e. Ba(+2) + SO4-BaSO4

MgSO4 is soluble and SrSO4 and BaSO4 are insoluble

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8
Q

What two alkali metals don’t react with water and which one react with steam

A

Be and Mg

Mg reacts with steam

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9
Q

What is produced when Ba reacts with sulphate ions

A

Thick white precipitate (barium meal)

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10
Q

How would u test for sulphate ions

A

Add barium chloride,dilute HCL and the unknown solution

If a white precipitate forms sulphate ions are present

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11
Q

When testing for sulphate ions why is HCL added

A

To remove other ions like hydroxide ions and carbonate ions as they may affect the test

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12
Q

State the solubility of hydroxides in group 2

A

Solubility increases going down group 2

Mg+2 OH->MgO+ H2

Ca+2H2O->Ca(OH)2+H2

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13
Q

What can magnesium hydroxide be used for

A

As it’s almost insouble it’s used in milk of magnesia for indigestion

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14
Q

What is calcium hydroxide used for

A

In slaked lime in order to neutralise acidic soil

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15
Q

What is barium sulphate used for

A

It’s used in a barium meal in the gut where it can absorb x rays and it’s completely insouble

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16
Q

Give the order of electronegativity in group 7 from highest to lowest

A

F
Cl
Br
I

17
Q

Give the order of the strongest oxidising agents in group 7

A

F
Cl
Br
I

18
Q

Why does oxidising power increase going group 7

A

As their are fewer number of shells in the atom,so electrons are closer to the nucleus and are less shielded,this means the attraction of electrons to the nucleus is stronger and so the atom is more likely to accept electrons

19
Q

State the trend in reducing power going down group 7 and why

A

Reducing power increases with iodine being the strongest reducing agent as the atom gets larger so the outer electrons are further away from the nucleus and so less attracted

20
Q

What is meant by displacement reactions

A

This is when halogens that are the strongest oxidising agent wil displace more reactive halides(reducing agents)

21
Q

What happens when chlorine displaces both bromine and iodine and give the equations

A

CL2 +2Br- ->2CL- +Br2 and orange colour will appear

CL2 +2I->2Cl- +I2
And a brown colour will appear

22
Q

What happens when bromine displaces iodine

A

Br2+2I–>2Br- +I2

A brown colour will appear

23
Q

What is seen when Cl is reacted with H2SO4 and state the type of reaction it is

A

White fumes of HCL are produced

The fumes will turn blue litmus paper red

Acid base reaction

24
Q

What is produced with Bromine reacts with H2SO4 and state what happens to the sulphuric acid

A

Red colour of bromine
White fumes that can turn litmus paper red
HBR is made

Sulphuric acid is reduced to sulphur dioxide +6 to +4

Bromine Increases from -1 to 0

25
Q

What is produced when iodine reacts with H2SO4 and state what happens to the sulfur

A

White fumes that will turn blue litmus paper red

Purple colour or iodine

Smell of rotten eggs due to H2S

Sulfur reduced from +6 to -2

H2SO4 reduced to H2S

26
Q

In reactions with the halides what does the concentrated sulphuric acid behave as

A

An oxidising agent

27
Q

When reacted with sliver ions and nitric acid state the precipitates formed when reacted with halide ions

A

Chlorine will produce a white precipitate

Bromine a cream precipitate

Iodine a yellow precipitate

AgNo3 +Br- -> AgBr

28
Q

Why is nitric acid added

A

To ensure that an hydroxide ions or impurities are removed

29
Q

State how we can distinguish between the precipitate that halide ions form and give the reactions with each halide ion

A

We add ammonia

If dilute or conc ammonia is added to AgCl the precipitate will dissolve

If conc ammonia is added to Agbr the precipitate is soluble

AgI is insouble in conc ammonia

30
Q

Give the equation when chlorine reacts with water and state the type of reaction it is

A

CL2 +H20->HCL +HClo

It’s disproportionation as the chlorine is simultaneously oxidised and reduced

31
Q

Give advantages and disadvantages of using chloride acid

A

It kills Bactria in Pools

It’s toxic and can cause cancer

32
Q

Why isnt dilute HCL or H2SO4 used to acidify silver nitrate

A

They would give off different precipitates

Ie sliver sulfate will form and sliver chloride which invalidates the test

H2SO4 forms white precipitate of sliver chloride that will invalidate the test

33
Q

What is the use of Cao(caoh)

A

To remove So2 from flue gas in a process called neutralisation

34
Q

State why magnesium is used instead to extract titanium instead of carbon

A

As titanium reacts with carbon to form another product so it’s reacts with carbon and chlorine first

35
Q

State why magnesium is used instead to extract titanium instead of carbon

A

As titanium reacts with carbon to form another product so it’s reacts with carbon and chlorine first

36
Q

Give the equation for the reaction of mg and ticl4

A

TiCl4+2Mg-Ti+2MgCl2

37
Q

What happens when cold dilute chlorine is added to sodium hydroxide and give the equation

A

Sodium chlorate forms which is used as bleach

2NaOH+CL2-> NaClO +Nacl +H2O

38
Q

What do both the reaction of chlorine with water and naoh have in common

A

They are both disproportionation reacts in which chlorine is simultaneously reduced and oxidised

A Level Chemistry Inorganic (5 decks)

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