Alkali/ Bases And More Flashcards
E.g. of bases/ alkali
Soap
Indigestion tablets
Wasp stings
Baking powder
Toothpaste
Paint stripper
Ammonia cleaning fluid
What is a base
A substance that can accept hydrogen ions in water and can neutralize an acid.
The Base Sodium Hydroxide will also dissociate when placed in water
What makes a solution basic
The free hydroxide ions make the Solution basic, the more hydroxide ions there is, the more basic it is
Ions
Atoms that have gained or lost an electron
E.g. of everyday bases
Toothpaste
Bleach
Indigestion tablets
E.g. of lab bases
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Calcium carbonate
Limewater
What if we want to know where something is on the pH scale
Use a special solution (paper) called universal indicator to test acids and alkalis.
How do we find out if something is an acid or base
Use Litmus paper
Litmus paper: acid
Blue litmus turns red
Litmus paper: base
Red litmus paper turns blue
Litmus paper: neutral
Stays the same
pH of an acid
Anything below or a 6
pH of a alkali
Anything above or a 8
What happens to the strength of an acid as the pH decreases
Gets stronger (the strength of the acid increases)
What happens to the strength of an alkali as the pH increases
Gets stronger (the alkali gets stronger)
pH 5 is
Mildly acidic
pH 14 is
Highly alkaline
What does the pH indicate
The bascity or the acidity of a substance
Alkali
Soluble base
Why is called a neutralisation reaction
It’s because we’re making water
Hydrochlauric acid + _____ hydroxide =
_____ chloride + water
Titration
A lab method used to determine the concentration of an acid or a base in solution by performing a neutralisation reaction with a standard solution
What colour does the universal indicator turn in a strong acid
Purple
Neutralisation
Chemical reaction between an alkali and acid
pH of neutral solution
7
pH of strong/ dangerous acid
1
