alimentary tract pathology

Question 1

Types of inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Answer 1

Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s Disease, ischaemic colitis, radiation colitis, appendicitis

Question 2

Idiopathic IBD definition

Answer 2

chronic inflammation resulting from inappropriate and persistent activation of mucosal immune system driven by presence of normal intraluminal flora.

Question 3

Genes associated with UC and CD

Answer 3

UC –> HLA proteins (cell surface protein)
CD–>NOD2 gene mutation

Question 4

Diagnosis of UC and CD

Answer 4

Clinical History, Radiographic examination
pANCA (perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody)

Question 5

pANCA diagnosis rates of UC and CD

Answer 5

UC: positive in 75% of patients
CD: positive in 11% of patients

Question 6

where is Ulcerative colitis found

Answer 6

can be localised to rectum
commonly spreads proximally
10% develop pancolitis (inflammation of full colon)

Question 7

Complications of UC

Answer 7

Development of backwash ileitis (through ileocecal valve)
appendix involvement
systemic manifestation

Question 8

Pathology of Ulcerative colitis

Answer 8

continuous pattern involvement (rectum to proximal)
Psuedopolyps
Ulceration
minimal/no inflammation of serosal surface

Question 9

what are psuedopolyps?

Answer 9

pale pink nodules: inflammation destroys mucosal surface

Question 10

Histological features of UC

Answer 10

Mucosal inflammation
cryptitis, cyrpt abscess, architectural dissary of crypt
Muscular atrophy
Ulceration into submucosa
no granulomas
submucosal fibrosis

Question 11

what can happen to the epithelium in UC

Answer 11

it will eventually become reactive/dysplasia
which is a predisposing step to neoplastic malignancy