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Digestive System > Alimentary Canal > Flashcards

Alimentary Canal Flashcards

1
Q

It is the breakdown id ingested food and the absorption of nutrients into the blood

A

Digestion

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2
Q

• production of cellular energy (ATP)
• constructive and drgradative cellular activities

A

Metabolism

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3
Q

ATP stands for?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

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4
Q

2 main groups of the Digestive system

A

• alimentary canal
• accessory digestive organ

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5
Q

Organs of the alimentary canal

A

• mouth
•pharynx
• esophagus
•stomach
•small intestine
•large intestine
• anus

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6
Q

Protect the anterior opening

A

Lips( Labia)

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7
Q

Form the lateral walls

A

Cheeks

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8
Q

Forms the anterior roof

A

Hard palate

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9
Q

Forms the posterior roof

A

Soft palate

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10
Q

Fleshy projection of the roof soft palate

A

Uvula

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11
Q

Spaces between lips externally and teeth and guns internally

A

Vestibule

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12
Q

Area contained by the teeth

A

Oral cavity

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13
Q

Attached at hyoid and styloid processes of the skill and by the lingual frenulum

A

Tongue

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14
Q

2 type of tonsils

A

• palatine tonsils
• lingual tonsil

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15
Q

Processes of the mouth

A

•mastication(chewing) of food
•mixing masticated food with saliva
•initiation of swallowing by the tongue •allowing for the sense of taste

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16
Q

3 types of pharynx

A

• nasopharynx
•oropharynx
•laryngopharynx

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17
Q

It is not part of the digestive system

A

Nasopharynx

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18
Q

Posterior to oral cavity

A

Oropharynx

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19
Q

Below the oropharynx and connected to the esophagus

A

Laryngopharynx

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20
Q

Serves as the passageway for air and food

A

Pharynx

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21
Q

2 muscle layers of the esophagus

A

•Longitudinal inner layer
• circular outer layer

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22
Q

Food movement by contractions of the muscle layers

A

Peristalsis

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23
Q

•runs from the pharynx to stomach through the diaphragm
• conducts food by peristalsis
• passageway dor food only

A

Esophagus

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24
Q

Layers of alimentary Canal organs

A

• mucosa
•submucosa
• muscularis externa
•serosa

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25
Q

•innermost layer
• moist membrane
•surface epithelium
• small amount if connective tissue(lamina propria)
•small smooth muscle layer

A

Mucosa

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26
Q

•jsut beneath the mucosa
•Soft conenctive tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and lymphatics

A

Submucosa

27
Q

•just beneath the mucosa
•Soft conenctive tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and lymphatics

A

Submucosa

28
Q

•smooth muscle
• inner circular layer
• outer longitudinal layer

A

Muscularis externa

29
Q

•The outer most layer - visceral peritoneum
• layer of serous fulid- producing cells

A

Serosa

30
Q

•located on the left side of the abdominal cavity
• food enters at the cardioesophageal sphincter

A

Stomach

31
Q

Regions of the stomach

A

•cardiac region
• fundus
• body
• pylorus

32
Q

Funnel-shaped terminal end

A

Pylorus

33
Q

Food empties jnto the small instestine at the _______________

A

Pyloric sphincter

34
Q

Internal folds of the mucosa

A

Rugae

35
Q

External regions of the stomach

A

•Lesser curvature
• greater curvature

36
Q

Layers of peritoneum attached to the stomach

A

•lesser omentum
•greater omentum

37
Q

Attaches the liver to the lesser curvature

A

Lesser omentum

38
Q

Attaches the greater curvature to the posterior body wall

A

Greater omentum

39
Q

•acts as the storage tank for food
• site of food breakdown
• chemical breakdown of protein begins
• delivers chyme (processed food) to the small intestine

A

Stomach

40
Q

Specialized mucosa of the stomach
• simple columnar epithelium

A

• mucous neck cells
• gastric glands
• chief cells
• parietal cells
• endocrine cells

41
Q

Produce a stick alkaline mucus

A

Mucous neck cells

42
Q

Secretes gastric juice

A

Gastic glands

43
Q

Produce protein-digesting enzymes (pepsinogens)

A

Chief cells

44
Q

Produce hydrochloric acid

A

Parietal cells

45
Q

Produce gastrin

A

Endocrine cells

46
Q

It is formed by folded mucosa

A

Gastric pits

47
Q

• the body’s major digestive organ
• site of nutrient absorption into the blood
• muscular tube extending form the pyloric sphicter to the ileocecal valve
• suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by the mesentery

A

Small intestine

48
Q

Subdivisions of the small intestine

A

• duodenum
• jejunum
• ileum

49
Q

• attached to the stomach
• curves around the head of the pancreas

A

Duodenum

50
Q

Attaches anteriorly to the duodenum

A

Jejunum

51
Q

Extends from jejunum to the large intestine

A

Ileum

52
Q

Digested food in the stomach with gastric juices

A

Chyme

53
Q

It is a masticated food mixed with saliva

A

Bolus

54
Q

Bile enters from the _____

A

Gallbladder

55
Q

• finger-like structure formed by the mucosa
• give the small intestine more surface area

A

Villi

56
Q

•small projecttions of the plasma membrane
• found on absorptive cells

A

Microvilli

57
Q

Structures involving in absorption of nutrients

A

• absorptive cells
• blood capillaries
• lacteals

58
Q

Folds of the small intestine is called

A

Circular folds or plicae circulares

59
Q

Larger in diameter, but shorter than the small intestine and it frams the internal abdomen

A

Large intestine

60
Q

Produce mucus to act as a lubricant

A

Goblet cells

61
Q

Saclike first part of the large intestine

A

Cecum

62
Q

• accumulation of lymphatic tissue tagt sometimes becomes inflamed
•hangs from the cecum

A

Appendix

63
Q

Walls are formed into pocketlike sacs in the large intestine is called____

A

Haustra

64
Q

What do you call the crossing of the large intestine? Each side roght and left

A

• right colic (hepatic) flexure
• left colic ( splenic) flexure

Digestive System (3 decks)

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