ALI 4: Therapies

Question 1

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

Areas therapy may target..

Answer 1

> Spoken word production

> Single word auditory processing
Single word reading
Single word writing

> Sentence processing
Communication in PWA’s environment => training CPs

Question 2

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

Why is early intervention important?

Answer 2

GODECK ET AL:

> Study looked at early aphasia intervention
Intervention given mean 3 days post-stroke
Indiv. + tailored

> Overall, those who received daily therapy exp greater gains than spontaneous therapy.

Question 3

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

What approach can be used to improve language functioning?

List the areas which are targeted.

Answer 3

> LANGUAGE STIMULATION APPROACH
===> Chapey

1. Auditory abilities
2. Verbal + Auditory abilities
3. Reading
4. Writing

Question 4

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

List tasks that can improve auditory abilities (Chapey)

Answer 4

> Hierarchy
Input tasks

> Point to task
Following directions
Yes/no questions + sentence verification
Respond switching

Question 5

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

List tasks that can improve verbal & auditory abilities

Answer 5

> Focuses on output

> Repetition tasks
Phonological output tasks
Syllable reading
Self cueing
Sentence/phrase completion
Verbal association
Answering wh- questions
Connected utterances in response to single words
Retelling
Self-initiated or conversational verbal tasks
Auditory discr of minimal pairs; real/non-word identifi

Question 6

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

List tasks that can improve reading

Answer 6

> Hierarchy

> Copying
Writing to dictation
Writing to dictated words letter-by-letter
Writing over learned material
Filling in missing letters
Sentence completion tasks
Writing essential facts from a story told to person

Question 7

1. IMPROVING LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING

List some language activities for HIGH LEVEL clients

Answer 7

> Semantics and cognitive reasoning

> Antonyms, synonyms, homonyms 
> Word definition + association
> Multiple meaning words, jokes & riddles
> Opposite & similar
> Verbal analogies

> Category association & sequencing
Cat. discrimination + reasoning

> Inferential meaning
Problem solving using language
Listening skills
Visual + auditory memory skills

Question 8

2. SKILLS OF CONVERSATION PARTNERS

What’s the purpose of working with communication partners?
===> Who may we work with?
===> Areas of development?

Answer 8

Work with others to develop appropriate comm strategies to accommodate and change the communication of the PWA through the environment.

> family + carers
volunteers

> Awareness of self + others
Strengths of self + others
Understanding, building knowledge
Techniques + skills - using them

Question 9

3. GROUP THERAPY

What are the benefits of groups therapy?

Answer 9

> Ppl who withdraw from family + friends can renew ties
Feel less lonely + re-enter the world

COMMUNICATIVE BENEFITS
> Environment promotes interaction
> Mult opp to communicate w diff partners
> Observe + learn from others
> Peer feedback
> More natural convo ===> generalisation
> Rewarding

PSYCHOSOCIAL BENEFITS
> Peer supported + empathy
> Joint problem solving
> Social rules + identity
> Social companionship

PERFORMANCE BENEFITS
> Motivated by peers
> Increased participation + arousal
> Cost effective

Question 10

3. GROUP THERAPY

What can groups focus on?

Answer 10

> Communication focus

   - Context for practising goals
   - Context for using skills towards a goal

> Psychosocial focused groups
- Support: PWA or carer

> Transition group
- Providing support + guidance as ppl move through
different phases of rehabilitation process

Question 11

3. GROUP THERAPY

What type of groups are there?

Answer 11

> Conversation strategies
> Functional communication
> Social skills
> Advocacy groups
> Portfolios
> Television groups

…. look at notes….

Question 12

3. GROUP THERAPY

What issues must be considered when setting up a group?

Answer 12

> Selection criteria

   - motivation + ppation - willingness
   - Mixed types of aphasia
   - Cogn skills - ability to attend & remember
   - Reliable yes/no
   - Similar levels of compr easier to manage

> Group size

   - 4 to 8
   - No. of facilliators

> Closed membership

   - Structured programme
   - Increasing trust & openness necessary 

> Open

   - Sometime more practical
   - Affects group dynamics
   - Chance for old member to practise new roles

> Lifespan & timing of group

   - intervention => no of sessions
   - time constraints