Algebra Vocabulary Flashcards
Set
A collection of objects each of which are called a member or element of a set. {enclosed in brace symbols}
Demoninator
Bottom number of a fraction
Variable
A symbol that is used to represent a number
Inequality symbols
The are , ≥, ≤, and ≠
Grouping symbols
( ), { }, [ ], / fraction bar
Equation
A mathematical statement that two expressions have equal value - uses the = sign
Opposites
Two numbers that are the same distance from 0 on the number line but line on opposite sides of zero
Exponent
How many times the value is to be multiplied
Solution
The value that can be put in place of a variable that would make the equation true
Absolute Value
Is the distance between |A| and 0 on the number line - denoted within |3| - it |A| is always a positive number
Base
The number that is going to be raised to a power
Numerator
Top number of a fraction
Reciprocals
invert the fraction - example 1/2 same at 2/1 because they equal one when multiplied together
Prime number
Is a natural number other than 1, whose only factors are 1 and itself. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29 …
Composite number
Is numbers, other than 1, that are not prime numbers - they have other factors besides 1 and itself - 10 is a composite number 1, 10, 2 and 5 are other factors
Prime Factorization
Every composite number can be written as a product of prime numbers
Multiply two fractions
Multiply numerator x numerator to obtain the numerator of the product and denominator by denominator to get the denominator of the product
Dividing two fractions
Multiply the first fraction by the reciprocal of the second fraction - example 3/5 / 4/8 would be 3/5 x 8/4
Adding or Subtracting fractions with common demoninators
Combine the numerator and place the sum or difference over the common denominator. Example 1/2 + 3/2 would be 1+3/2
Equivalent fractions
Fractions that equal and represent the same quantity what ever you do in the denominator you must do in the numerator
Adding and Subtracting fractions without common demoninators
First write the fractions in equivalent fractions. Example 2/5 = 8/20 - to get denominator of 20 you would multiply 5 x 4 so you would also have to multiply 2 x 4 2/5 x 4/4 = 8/20 - 2/5 = 8/20
LCD or Least Common Denominator
The smallest multiple of the denominators
Order of operations
If grouping symbols such as ( ) are present, simplify expressions within those first, starting with the innermost set.
If fraction bars are present, simplify numerator and denominator separately
Evaluate exponential expressions
Perform multiplication or division in order from left to right
Perform addition or subtraction in order from left to right
Adding two numbers with the same sign
Add their absolute values and use their common sign and the sign of the sum
