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honors algebra 2 > Algebra 2 final > Flashcards

Algebra 2 final Flashcards

1
Q

arithmetic sequence

A

sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

change of base formula

A

A formula that allows you to rewrite a logarithm in terms of logs written with another base. This is especially helpful when using a calculator to evaluate a log to any base other than 10 or e.

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4
Q

circle

A

A 2-dimensional shape made by drawing a curve that is always the same distance from a center.

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5
Q

combined variation

A

a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others (when the rest of the variables are held constant).

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6
Q

common difference

A

The constant difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

common logarithm

A

the logarithm with base 10

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8
Q

common ratio

A

The constant factor between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

completing the square

A

A method used to solve a quadratic equation by changing the form of the equation so that the left side is a perfect square trinomial .

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10
Q

complex conjugates

A

The complex conjugate of a complex number is the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.

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11
Q

complex fraction

A

A fraction in which numerator, denominator, or both are themselves fractions.

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12
Q

Complex number

A

A combination of a real and an imaginary number in the form a + bi

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13
Q

Composition of fractions

A

Combining functions to make another function.

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14
Q

Compound inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities.

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15
Q

Conic section

A

a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane. The three types of conic section are the hyperbola, the parabola, and the ellipse;

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16
Q

Consistent

A

If a system has at least one solution.

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17
Q

Constant of variation

A

The constant of variation is the number that relates two variables that are directly proportional or inversely proportional to one another.

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18
Q

Continuous relation

A

A function for which sufficiently small changes in the input result in small changes in the output.

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19
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

a number between −1 and +1 calculated so as to represent the linear dependence of two variables or sets of data.

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20
Q

Dependent

A

The dependent variable is the one that depends on the value of some other number.

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21
Q

Dimensions of a matrix

A

The dimensions of a matrix are the number of rows by the number of columns.

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22
Q

Direct variation

A

Direct variation describes a simple relationship between two variables .

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23
Q

Discriminate

A

A relatively simple expression that determines some of the properties, as the nature of the roots, of a given equation or function.

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

An ellipse is the set of all points on a plane whose distance from two fixed points F and G add up to a constant.

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25
Q

end behavior

A

looking at the two extremes of x. As x gets closer to infinity and as x gets closer to negative infinity

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26
Q

exponential equation

A

an equation involving exponential functions of a variable.

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27
Q

extraneous solution

A

a root of a transformed equation that is not a root of the original equation

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28
Q

extrema

A

the maximum or minimum value of a function.

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29
Q

factor theorem

A

a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial

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30
Q

finite sequence

A

has a limited number of terms and infinite if it does not

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31
Q

function

A

a relation from a set of inputs to a set of possible outputs where each input is related to exactly one output.

32
Q

geometric sequence

A

A sequence made by multiplying by the same value each time.

33
Q

greatest integer function

A

a function that returns a constant value for each specific interval

34
Q

growth factor

A

the factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time

35
Q

hyperbole

A

is two curves that are like infinite bows

36
Q

identity function

A

a function which returns the same value, which was used as its argument.

37
Q

imaginary unit

A

A number that when squared gives a negative result.

38
Q

inconsistent

A

When you graph the equations, both equations represent the same line.

39
Q

independant

A

a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment.

40
Q

infinite sequence

A

a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integer

41
Q

interval notation

A

a way of writing subsets of the real number line

42
Q

inverse function

A

a function that undoes the action of the another function

43
Q

inverse relation

A

the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function

44
Q

inverse variation

A

mathematical relationship between two variables which can be expressed by an equation in which the product of two variables is equal to a constant

45
Q

joint variation

A

occurs when a variable varies directly or inversely with multiple variables.

46
Q

latus rectum

A

a chord of a conic section (such as an ellipse) that passes through a focus and is parallel to the directrix.

47
Q

linear programming

A

a mathematical technique for maximizing or minimizing a linear function of several variables, such as output or cost.

48
Q

logarithm

A

a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number.

49
Q

lagistic growth model

A

a population’s per capita growth rate gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches a maximum imposed by limited resources in the environment, known as the carrying capacity

50
Q

matrix

A

rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns.

51
Q

n root

A

n times in a multiplication to get the original value.

52
Q

natural logarithm

A

logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e, where e is an irrational and transcendental number approximately equal to 2.718281828459

53
Q

negative exponent

A

how many times to divide by the number.

54
Q

parabola

A

a symmetrical open plane curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side.

55
Q

parent function

A

the simplest form of a given family of functions.

56
Q

piece-wise defined function

A

one which is defined not by a single equation, but by two or more.

57
Q

point-slope form

A

the equation of a straight line in the form y − y1 = m(x − x1) where m is the slope of the line and (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a given point on the line — compare slope-intercept

58
Q

quadratic function

A

a polynomial function with one or more variables in which the highest-degree term is of the second degree.

59
Q

radicand

A

The value inside the radical symbol

60
Q

rate of change

A

the speed at which a variable changes over a specific period of time.

61
Q

rational exponent

A

an exponent that is a fraction

62
Q

rational function

A

A function that is the ratio of two polynomials.

63
Q

rationalizing the denominator

A

to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots

64
Q

recursive formula

A

a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term

65
Q

regression line

A

a straight line that describes how a response variable y changes as an explanatory variable x changes.

66
Q

relative maximum

A

a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing

67
Q

relative minimum

A

all the points x, in the domain of the function, such that it is the smallest value for some neighborhood

68
Q

root

A

Where a function equals zero.

69
Q

scatter plot

A

a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present.

70
Q

sequence

A

A list of numbers or objects in a special order

71
Q

set-builder notation

A

How to describe a set by saying what properties its members have

72
Q

step function

A

a function that increases or decreases abruptly from one constant value to another.

73
Q

synthetic division

A

a method for manually performing Euclidean division of polynomials, with less writing and fewer calculations than long division.

74
Q

vertex form

A

a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet.

75
Q

vertical line test

A

a method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not.

76
Q

zeros

A

Where a function equals the value zero

honors algebra 2 (1 decks)

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