Alexander the Great

Question 1

How Alexander would reward his allies

Answer 1

Would allot them vast resources. He would give them farms, villages and revenues from harbours

Question 2

What came to a permanent end due to Alexander?

Answer 2

The Persian empire

Question 3

How far did Alexander’s conquest stretch?

Answer 3

All the way from Greece to India

Question 4

How would Alexander treat those that he conquered?

Answer 4

He would treat them depending on their compliance to him. The more they revolted or resisted the harsher he was on those he conquered. He would sometimes kill or enslave people but was also known to grant some freedom.

Question 5

Marmares example

Answer 5

They knew they would die after 2 days and were eager to die with the freedom of their state intact. They urged elders to kill children and wives and set fire to their own houses. People would rather leave or die than be made subservient.

Question 6

Macedonian battle with the Persians 17.34 Diodorus, library of history

Answer 6

Invasion and conquest of Persia led to many princes perishing in battle. King was in a state of panic and Persians retreated. People died due to infighting and the Macedonians

Question 7

The destiny of the wealthy Persian women who were taken by the Macedonians

Answer 7

On their kneed calling for Gods, fled for their lives and were used and abused by conquerors, lived in fear. Were ‘herded off into a luckless and humiliating captivity’

Question 8

What happened to King Darius’ bloodline

Answer 8

Mother, wife, daughters and son lost their fortune and position.

Question 9

Quote: Quintus Curtius Histories of Alexander, on the disposition of Alexander

Answer 9

But Alexander’s great mental endowments, that noble disposition, in which he surpassed all kings, that intrepidity in encountering dangers, his promptness in forming and carrying out plans, his good faith towards those who submitted to him, merciful treatment of his prisoners, temperance even in lawful and usual pleasures, were sullied by an excessive love of wine.

Question 10

Times when the Macedonians questioned the acts of Alexander

Answer 10

When he destroyed a renowned city in a drunken state. His invasion of some of the groups of India (finalise), felt he went too far and was too violent to the people.

Question 11

Alexander and the Samians

Answer 11

Alexander restored the Samian to their land after it was captured by Athens. Showed good will to the Samians and and they essentially crowned him King.

Question 12

What was liberty for Alexander?

Answer 12

It was simply being free from the persians. When they provided people with liberty they didn’t feel they had to do anything else. If a city was freed Alexander determined its liberties. They were not allowed to self determine. No kind of treaty or negotiation was made.

Question 13

Ephesus example

Answer 13

Ephesus was a city that was treated well. The Ephesians were granted democracy and many of those who had been exiled were reinstated into the city. The Ephesians were also generally in support of the takeover of the Macedonians. They were also materially richer

Question 14

Aspendus example

Answer 14

Aspendus was initially taken over with little demand from alexander, just payment of 50 talents to help in conquest, it was known as a wealthy city so this shouldn’t have been a problem. They tried to resist this but seeing the size of the army went back into submission. They were given much harsher terms of annual payments plus an upfront payment. They had to accept whoever Alexander made their ruler. Hostages were also taken.

Question 15

What were the two types of treatments cities would typically fall under

Answer 15

Free, this was given to privileged cities. Unfree, they had to pay tribute as well as be under the watchful eye of a satrap.

Question 16

Reasons Alexander attacked the Malli

Answer 16

The Malli were known to be a resistive group with strong and brave warriors so Alexander may have wanted to gain glory and set and example by defeating them so ruthlessly. He also wanted to prevent them from having an alliance with their northern neighbour and so ruthlessly crushed them in order to prevent this from happening. The Mallians never sent Alexander an embassy which meant he felt they did not submit to him and thus a justification of war.

Question 17

Alexanders conquest of the Mallians

Answer 17

Campaign began with a massacre of 2,000 people and didn’t slow down. Macedonian’s ashamed of him carrying out this ruthless procedure. The Mallians abandoned their citadel after the ruthlessness of the Macedonians initial attacks. Alexander imposing a conscious policy of repression. He responded to resistance with invasion and destruction. Women and children were also enslaved, was a truly barbaric campaign.

Question 18

Link of subjects mindsets to the Persians and Macedonians.

Answer 18

Places that did not submit to the Persians also didn’t submit to the Macedonians despite Alexander thinking he had the right to rule. Places like this included Isaura and Laranda.