Aldosterone Antagonist Flashcards
1
Q
Prototype and Other Drugs
A
Prototype: Eplerenone (Inspra)
Other: Spironolactone
(Aldactone)
2
Q
Expected Pharmacologic Action
A
Blocks aldosterone receptors
- Urinary excretion of Na & H2O
- Urinary retention of potassium
3
Q
Side and Adverse Effects
A
Hyperkalemia
4
Q
Intervention
A
- Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
- Monitor periodic potassium levels, BUN, and creatinine in patients at risk for hyperkalemia.
- Assure that patient is not taking potassium-sparing diuretics or other drugs that raise potassium levels.
5
Q
Administration
A
- Oral use only.
- Give along or combined with other antihypertensive drugs.
- Maximum effect of eplernone may take up to 4 weeks.
- Reduce dose for patients taking CYP3A4 inhibitors.
6
Q
Patient Instructions
A
- Do not take potassium supplements, use potassium-containing salt substitutes or drugs that raise potassium levels unless prescribed.
- Report palpitations, muscle twitching, weakness, or parenthesis in extremities to provider.
7
Q
Contraindications
A
- Serum potassium above > 5.0 mEq/L
- Type 2 DM with microalbuminuria
- Increased serum creatinine or decreased creatinine clearance
- Lactation
8
Q
Precautions
A
- Children
- Liver failure or disease
- Concurrent use of prescribed drugs which raise potassium levels.
9
Q
Interaction
A
- Drugs that inhibit CYP3A4, such as ketoconazole, erythromycin, verapamil, and others, may greatly increase risk & Hyperkalemia.
- Drugs that raise potassium levels.
- May cause lithium toxicity.
