Alcooli Flashcards

1
Q

Moleculele asociate prin legaturi de H au:

-

A

Pt f ridicate
Tensiune de S mare
Vascozitate

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2
Q

Glicerina > etanol

Vascozitate si t superficiala ( sau …) => …. dintre …. e mai

A

COEZIUNEA dintre molec e mai mare

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3
Q

Metanol

  • obt
  • p fiz
  • solubil ( el si etanolul .. am .. cu ..)
A
  • distilare , din lemn
  • lichid incolor , fara gust , miros usor dulceag ~etanol
  • apa si alti alcooli
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4
Q

Metanol act biologic
Introdus… => a si b
Ei provoaca
el este … , nu …

A

Transf in c toxici , aldeh formica si alcool formic , orbire

Toxic nu otrava

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5
Q

Doza letala de metanol pt om

A

0,15 G/kg corp

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6
Q

Metanol ardere
Flacara..
P calorica + unitati de masura

A

Flacara albastru deschis , inviz

7000kcal/ KG

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7
Q

Metanol materie prima

A

Mase plastice ,
Coloranti
Rasini sintetice

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8
Q

Fermentatia alcoolica
A unor compusi… sau din …
Ec r
Cine face procesul?

A

C dulci , zaharide
MELEASA

Drojdia de bere

Glucoza—> 2 etanol + 2 CO2

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9
Q

In urma fermetatiei alcoolice …. c % de alc …
ex: in vinul de masa

C% mai MARI prin ..
conc …

Etanol care nu are deloc apa , in urma actiunii unor… asupra

A

12-18%
1/20

Distilare
95-96%

Etanol anhidru.. reactivi avizi asupra etanolului conc

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10
Q

Test alcoolemie

Ce mediu?

A

Cu dicr

Porto — verde

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11
Q

Etanol
Metaboliz ==>
! Comparatie cu metanol

El este … , salvarea de metanol

A

In ficat — prod toxici etanal

Antidot , se administreaza pt ca ezima alcool deh.Sa se ocupe de etanal si altfel sa nu transforme metanolul , sa se elimine netransf

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12
Q

Aplicatii practice

Etanol
 - ca ... denumirea de
- ... folosit in
-
-
- sinteza 
-
- ca .. pt fabricarea
- ... sub .. culoare
A
Ca dezinfectant  , spirt medicinal sau sanitar
Combustibil . Spirtiere
 Ind parf
Bauturi alc
Sinteza medic
Materie prima c org
Conservarea prep bio
Solvent , lacuri vopsele
Termom
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13
Q

Etanol metanol gust miros
Glicerina

Lichide..!

A

Atentie lichide incolore

Metanolul e si volatil

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14
Q

Glicerina
a) Intrebuintari ce au la baza ..

  • sol .. rol de
  • comp, imp procesul de
  • , pastra
  • materiale
  • valoare
  • sub
A
Cap mare de a lega leg de H
Sol farmac antiseptic , calmant
Bomboane.  Cristaliz a zah
Tutun , umiditatea
Materiale plastice , lub intre molec de polim
Vinuri
Term sub 290 
!! Diferit de b)
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15
Q
Glicerina 
b) intrb ce au la baza propr chimice
- 
-
-
A

Sapunuri
TNG
Rasini

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16
Q

Obt TNG
Despre?
C reactie

Obt dinamita
Cum?

Detonaror

A

Am sulfonitric ? Hno3 si ac sulfuric conc
Tng cu kieselgur , silv ANorg INERT

Sau cu un am ..

Capsa cu Fulminat de mercur

Cont mare o2 , autooxidare

17
Q

Cine e fol in sinteza alc metilic?

Cum se mai form alc metilic?

A

Gaz de sinteza ! Obt

60 atm 400 grade
1/2 O2

18
Q

Obt gaz de sinteza
Cond
Ce se obt rap molare?
La ce foloseste … sinteza

++

A

Prin arderea incompleta a metanului
Rap co h2 1:2

Alcani sup si alc metilic

H2.. sinteza amoniacului