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Chemistry > alcohols, phenols and ethers > Flashcards

alcohols, phenols and ethers Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the general formula of alcohols?

A

CnH2n+1OH

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2
Q

Are alcohols polar or nonpolar compounds?

A

Polar

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3
Q

Do alcohols have higher or lower boiling points compared to alkanes of similar molecular weight?

A

Higher

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4
Q

Which functional group do alcohols belong to?

A

Hydroxyl (-OH) group

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5
Q

What are the two main types of alcohols?

A

Primary and secondary alcohols

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6
Q

How are alcohols classified based on the number of hydroxyl groups attached to the carbon?

A

Monohydric, dihydric, or trihydric alcohols

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7
Q

What is the behavior of alcohols in terms of solubility in water?

A

Alcohols with up to 3 carbon atoms are soluble in water, while those with more carbon atoms are less soluble

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8
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into alkenes or ethers called?

A

Dehydration

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9
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into carboxylic acids called?

A

Oxidation

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10
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones called?

A

Dehydrogenation

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11
Q

What is the chemical test used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols?

A

Lucas test

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12
Q

Which alcohol is the most commonly used as a disinfectant?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

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13
Q

What is the term for the process of converting alcohols into alkyl halides?

A

Halogenation

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14
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a catalytic amount of acid called?

A

Acid-catalyzed dehydration

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15
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used as a fuel additive?

A

Methanol

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16
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which two molecules of alcohol combine to form an ether?

A

Williamson ether synthesis

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17
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used as a solvent in the production of perfumes?

A

Ethanol

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18
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a mild oxidizing agent called?

A

Swern oxidation

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19
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in antifreeze solutions?

A

Ethylene glycol

20
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid to form an ester?

A

Esterification

21
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages?

A

Ethanol

22
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using chromyl chloride called?

A

Jones oxidation

23
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the synthesis of plastics?

A

Methanol

24
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with a ketone to form a hemiacetal?

A

Acetalization

25
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used as a preservative in pharmaceuticals?

A

Ethanol

26
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a metal catalyst called?

A

Catalytic hydrogenation

27
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of cosmetics?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

28
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with an acid anhydride to form an ester?

A

Transesterification

29
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of hand sanitizers?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

30
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a peroxyacid called?

A

Baeyer-Villiger oxidation

31
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals?

A

Ethanol

32
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with a carbonyl compound to form a hemiacetal?

A

Acetal formation

33
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of hand wipes?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

34
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a peracid called?

A

Peroxidation

35
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of rubbing alcohol?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

36
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with an acid chloride to form an ester?

A

Fischer esterification

37
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of disinfectant sprays?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

38
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a metal halide called?

A

Haloform reaction

39
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of hand gels?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

40
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with an acid to form an ester?

A

Transesterification

41
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of antiseptic wipes?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

42
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a peroxyacid called?

A

Epoxidation

43
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of sanitizing solutions?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

44
Q

What is the term for the reaction in which an alcohol reacts with a nitrile to form an amide?

A

Amidation

45
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of cleaning wipes?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

46
Q

What is the process of converting alcohols into aldehydes or ketones using a metal hydride called?

A

Hydride reduction

47
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used in the production of wound disinfectants?

A

Isopropyl alcohol

Chemistry (2 decks)

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