alcohols n phenols

Question 1

can form 2 single bonds or 1 double bond

Answer 1

oxygen atom

Question 2

have 4 bonds

Answer 2

carbon atom

Question 3

forms one bond

Answer 3

hydrogen atom

Question 4

an organic compound in which an -OH group is bonded to a saturated carbon

Answer 4

alcohol

Question 5

general formula of R-OH

Answer 5

alcohol

Question 6

alkyl group is a hydrocarbon group w/ a name ending in “-yl” is represented by

Answer 6

R

Question 7

-OH represents

Answer 7

alcohol functional group

Question 8

same carbon skeleton n same functional group but differ in the location of the functional groups in the carbon chain

Answer 8

positional isomers

Question 9

same functional group but differ from each other in the connectivity of the carbon skeleton

Answer 9

skeletal isomers

Question 10

constitutional isomerism is possible in alcohols if

Answer 10

3 or more atoms are present

Question 11

methyl alcohol

Answer 11

simplest - CH3OH
colorless
wood alcohol
fuel by race cars
produced from the rxn of H2 n CO
toxic to human body

Question 12

ethyl alcohol

Answer 12

CH3CH2OH
two carbon monohydroxy alcohol
present in alcoholic beverages
drinking/grain alcohol
acetaldehyde - when oxidized
fermentation - process of producing alcoholic beverages from ethanol

Question 13

isopropyl alcohol

Answer 13

CH3CH(CH3)OH
rubbing alcohol
dramatic cooling effect
bitter taste
induces vomiting
acetone - when oxidized

Question 14

ethylene glycol

Answer 14

1,2-ethanediol - HOCH2CH2OH
extremely toxic
oxalic acid - when oxidized
main ingredient - antifreeze n airplane “di-icers”

Question 15

propylene glycol

Answer 15

1,2-propanediol - CH3CH(OH)CH2(OH)
nontoxic
solvent for drugs
pyruvic acid (carbohydrates metabolism)- when oxidized
found in human body

Question 16

glycerol

Answer 16

1,2,3-propanetriol - CH2(OH)CH(OH)CH2(OH)
clear, thick liquid (honey like consistency)
product of fat metabolism
has lubricant properties
used in candies, icings, flowers
biological antifreeze

Question 17

physical properties

Answer 17

hydroxyl group (OH) - polar
alkyl group (R) - non polar

Question 18

higher boiling points n solubility

Answer 18

than alkanes w/ similar molecular mass

Question 19

alcohol chain increases (alkane like)

Answer 19

solubility decreases

Question 20

hydroxyl - bearing carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atom

Answer 20

secondary alcohol

Question 21

hydroxyl - bearing carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atom

Answer 21

tertiary alcohol

Question 22

combustion of alcohol products

Answer 22

carbon dioxide + water

Question 23

halogen atom is substituted for the hydroxyl group, thus, producing alkyl halide

Answer 23

halogenation

Question 24

common oxidizing agent

Answer 24

KmnO4
potassium permanganate

Question 25

breaks off hydrogen bonds, carbon will form double bonds w/ oxygen n liberates 2 hydrogen atoms

Answer 25

oxidation of alcohol

Question 26

a chemical reaction in which the components of water (H n OH) are removed from a single/two reactant/s

Answer 26

dehydration

Question 27

An -OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is part of an aromatic compound

Answer 27

phenol

Question 28

general formula for phenol

Answer 28

AR-OH

Question 29

an aromatic carbon ring system from which one hydrogen atom has been removed

Answer 29

aryl group (Ar)

Question 30

properties of phenol

Answer 30

colorless w/ medical odor
oily at room temp
slightly soluble
melting point - 410°c
flammable
cannot be dehydrated
can be oxidized - using a strong oxidizing agent
can undergo halogenation