Alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters

Question 1

Functional group of alcohols?

Answer 1

-OH.

Question 2

What homologous series have the functional group -OH?

Answer 2

Alcohols.

Question 3

Properties of alcohols:

Answer 3

Dissolve in water to form a neutral solution.
React with sodium to produce hydrogen.
Burn in air.

Question 4

Common uses of alcohols:

Answer 4

Solvents.
Drinks (ethanol).
Fuels.

Question 5

Ethanol can be oxidised to form:

Answer 5

Ethanoic acid.

Question 6

Ethanoic acid is the main ingredient for what?

Answer 6

Vinegar.

Question 7

Ethanol can be oxidised how?

Answer 7

Using either chemical oxidising agents or microbial action.

Question 8

Carboxylic acids have what functional group?

Answer 8

-COOH.

Question 9

Properties of carboxylic acids:

Answer 9

Dissolve in water to form acidic solutions.
React with carbonates to form carbon dioxide.
React with alcohols in the presence of an acid to form esters.

Question 10

Carboxylic acids are weak acids, why?

Answer 10

The do not completely ionise when dissolved in water (don’t fully dissociate).

Question 11

Aqueous solutions of a weak acid have a higher pH than…

Answer 11

…aqueous solutions of stronger acids with the same concentration.

Question 12

What ester is produced from ethanol and ethanoic acid?

Answer 12

Ethyl ethanoate.

Question 13

Esters have what functional group?

Answer 13

-COO-

Question 14

Key properties of esters:

Answer 14

Smell fruity.

Volatile.

Question 15

Uses of esters:

Answer 15

Perfumes.

Flavourings.