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Alcohols > Alcohols > Flashcards

Alcohols Flashcards

1
Q

What is the functional group of alcohols?

A

-OH

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2
Q

What is the general formula for an alcohol?

A

C(n)H(2n+1) OH

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3
Q

What process converts sugars like glucose into alcohols and carbon dioxide ?

A

Fermentation

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4
Q

What is the symbolic equation for the fermentation of glucose?

A

C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH +2 CO2

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5
Q

That acts as a catalyst for the fermentation process?

A

Yeast

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6
Q

Why must fermentation take place at 35 degrees?

A

As the yeast breaks down at high temperatures

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7
Q

What is the name for the process of making ethanol not by fermentation?

A

Direct hydration

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8
Q

What is the word equation for the hydration reaction?

A

Ethene + steam -> Ethanol

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9
Q

What is the catalyst for the hydration of ethene?

A

Phosphoric acid

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10
Q

Which is the faster reaction for producing ethanol?

A

Hydration

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11
Q

What are two advantages of using hydration?

A

Its faster and produces pure ethanol

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12
Q

What is a problem with the ethanol produced by fermentation?

A

Its not pure

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13
Q

What is the raw material for hydration and where does it come from?

A

Ethene from oil

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14
Q

What happens when ethanol is heated to 180 degrees with phosphoric or sulfuric acid?

A

It is dehydrated to form ethene and water

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15
Q

What are the reactants for hydration?

A

Ethene and steam

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16
Q

What type of process is hydration?

A

Continuous

17
Q

What type of process is fermentation ?

A

Batch

18
Q

Why is ethanol from fermentation considered a biofuel?

A

It is produced from biomass

19
Q

What is a primary alcohol?

A

When the carbon the OH group is attached to is connected to one other carbon

20
Q

What is formed when primary alcohols are oxidised?

A

An aldehyde and water

21
Q

How is ethanoic acid formed?

A

By oxidising ethanal

22
Q

What must be oxidised to form ketones?

A

Secondary alcohols

23
Q

What does this show?

RCHO + [O] -> RCOOH

A

An aldehyde being oxidised to form a carboxylic acid

24
Q

What does Tollens’ reagent contain and what happens when it reacts with an aldehyde?

A

[Ag(NH3)2] + ions

The aldehyde reduces the ion and forms a silver mirror on the walls of the test tube

25
Q

What happens when Fehling’s solution is add to Solution A containing ethanal and solution B containing propanone?

A

Solution A - Forms a red precipitate which is copper (1) oxide
Solution B - No reaction

Alcohols (1 decks)

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