Alcohols

Question 1

What is the general formula for an alcohol ?

Answer 1

CnH(2n+1)OH

Question 2

What is the hydroxide functional group

Answer 2

OH

Question 3

If OH is the only functional group present what homologous series is it a part of

Answer 3

Alcohol

Question 4

What is a primary alcohol

Answer 4

When the OH group is attached to the carbon with one alkyl group attached

Question 5

What is a secondary alcohol

Answer 5

When the OH group is attached to the carbon with two alkyl groups attached

Question 6

What is a tertiary alcohol

Answer 6

When the OH group is attached to the carbon with three alkyl groups attached

Question 7

What is a diol ?

Answer 7

When there are two hydroxyl groups within the molecule ( two alcohols )

Question 8

What suffix is given to a diol alcohol ?

Answer 8

(Full name of carbon chain)-diol

Question 9

What is the trend in boiling point as carbon chain length increases in alcohols ?

Answer 9

BP increase because :
Stronger Van De Waal Forces as chain length increases

Question 10

What has a higher boiling point and why ?
An alkane or and alcohol with the same number of carbons as the Alkane

Answer 10

The alcohol
Because the alcohol contains OH functional group which means it has hydrogen bonds which are the strongest form of intermolecular forces increasing the BP

Question 11

As carbon chain length increases in alcohols, what happens to the solubility and why ?

Answer 11

As carbon chain length increases , solubility decreases in water as polarity of the molecule decrease , as a larger region becomes non-polar which is insoluble in non-polar solvents