Alcohols

Question 1

Fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by what S/E in the child?

Answer 1

• growth restriction
• mid facial hypoplasia
• microcephaly
• marked CNS dysfunction (including the frequent occurrence of mental retardation)

Question 2

What are some other drugs that cause disulfiram-like effects?

Answer 2

metronidazole

griseofulvin

Question 3

S/E of accumulation of acetaldehyde.

Answer 3

1. N & V
2. headache
3. Hypotension
4. Combines with folate to inactivate it
5. Combine with thiamine to decrease availability

Question 4

What are the S/E of chronic alcoholism?

Answer 4

1. hypoglycemia
2. fatty liver and lipemia
3. muscle wasting (long-term alcoholic, poor food intake)
4. Gout (lactate competes with urate for excretion)

Question 5

Alcohol intoxication causes metabolic alkalosis or acidosis?

Answer 5

metabolic acidosis

Question 6

What are the S/E of ethylene glycol poisoning?

Answer 6

1. CNS depression
2. Severe metabolic acidosis
3. nephrotoxicity

Question 7

Ethylene glycol is an important component of what?

Answer 7

antifreeze and coolant

Question 8

What are the S/E of methanol intoxication?

Answer 8

1. respiratory failure
2. severe anion gap metabolic acidosis
3. ocular damage

Question 9

What are treatment options for overdose of methanol, ethylene glycol?

Answer 9

alcohol/ethanol or Fomepizole

Question 10

Indication for Disulfiram?

Answer 10

For chronic alcoholism used as a deterrent because it creates the affects similar to hangover caused by acetaldehyde build up

Question 11

MOA Disulfiram

Answer 11

blocks acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (found in mitochondria) leading to increased acetaldehyde build up and its associated uncomfortable S/E.

Question 12

Draw out the process of ethylene glycol metabolism.

Answer 12

Question 13

Draw out the process of methanol metabolism.

Answer 13

Question 14

Draw out the process of alcohol metabolism.

Answer 14

Question 15

Methanol is an important component of what?

Answer 15

windshield wiper fluid