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CHEMISTRY YR12 > Alcohols > Flashcards

Alcohols Flashcards

1
Q

Alcohol to ketone

A

Reaction type - Oxidation
Reagent - potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and H2SO4
Condition - Reflux or distillation

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2
Q

Alcohol to Aldehyde to Carboxylic acid

A
  1. Oxidation - K2Cr2O7 or H2SO4 - distillation
  2. Oxidation- K2Cr2O7 or H2SO4 - Reflux
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3
Q

Alcohol to Carboxylic acid

A

Oxidation - K2Cr2O7 or H2SO4 - Reflux, excess oxidising agent

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4
Q

Carbonyl group:

A

C=O

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5
Q

Aldehyde

A

Carbonyl bonded to at least one H atom
CHO
…al

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6
Q

Ketone

A

Carbonyl bonded to 2 C atom
CO
…one

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7
Q

Carboxylic Acid

A

Carbonyl bonded to an OH group
COOH
…oic acid

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8
Q

For all these reactions acidified K2Cr2O6 is used as the oxidising agent. K2Cr2O7 is orange and when it oxidises an alcohol the K2CR2O7 is reduced to Cr3+ which is green

What’s the observation for Alcohol
Oxidation?

A

Orange to green

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9
Q

Primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

Acidified Kr2Cr2O7
Heat under distillation

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10
Q

aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

acidified K2Cr2O7
heat under reflux

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11
Q

oxidation of secondary alcohols

A

acidified K2Cr2O7
heat under reflex or distillation

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12
Q

how much [O] and H2O is used when Primary Alcohol to Aldehyde?

A

1 [o] and 1 H20

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13
Q

how much [O] and H2O is used when aldehyde to carboxylic acid?

A

1 [O] and 0 H2O

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14
Q

how much [O] and H2O is used when primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

2 [O] and 1 H2O

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15
Q

how much [O] and H2O is used when secondary alcohol to ketone

A

1 [O] and 1 H2O

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16
Q

features of a condenser

A

open at both ends
cold water flows around outside

17
Q

purpose of condenser

A

condense any vapour and turns it back into a liquid

18
Q

Antibumping granules

A

prevent large bubbles from forming so it boils smoothly

19
Q

what happens to the aldehyde as it is produced during distillation?

A

the aldehyde boils/ vaporises and escapes from the reaction mixture to form a pure aldehyde

20
Q

why is distillation used when producing an aldehyde from a primary alcohol

A

to get that vapour and cool back into a liquid to collect it right after in a collector for distillate

21
Q

tollen’s reagent

A

reagent used - tollen’s
observation when aldehyde is present - silver mirror forms
observation when there is no aldehyde - NVC

22
Q

Feling’s solution

A

observation when aldehyde is present - red ppt
not present - nvc

23
Q

Carboxylic acid

A

reagent - Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate)
when carboxylic acid is present - effervesence
no carboxylic acid - NVC

CHEMISTRY YR12 (8 decks)

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