ALCOHOLS

Question 1

prep of alcohols

Answer 1

a. from alkenes

alkenes undergo hydration in presence of dilute h2so4 to produce alcohols

Question 2

b. hydroboration oxidation reactions

Answer 2

alkenes react with diborane to give trialkyl borane, which on oxidation with h2o2 in presence of alkali give alcohol

Question 3

2. from carbonyl compounds

Answer 3

a.aldehydes on reduction using hydrogen in presence of ni/pd/pt gives primary alcohol

Answer 4

b. ketones reduced using hydrogen in presence of ni gives secondary alcohol

Question 5

3.from grignard reagents

Answer 5

ald/ketones+ rmgx–> alcohols

Question 6

oxidizing agent used in hydroboration reaction

Answer 6

hydrogen peroxide

Question 7

aldehydes give primary

Answer 7

ketones give secondary

Question 8

carboxylic acids on reduction with strong reducing agents like lialh4 followed by hyrdrolysis

Answer 8

primary alcohols

Question 9

chemical properties of alcohols

Answer 9

cleavage of oh bond
cleavage of C-O bond
cleavage or change in alkyl AND hydroxyl group

Question 10

methods of prep of phenols

Answer 10

chlorobenzene +naoh
sulphonation : oleum—> naoh/h+
diazonium salt warming with water
cumene (isopropyl benzene) oxidised in presence of air and then treated with acid

Question 11

reaction with metals and alkalis

Answer 11

sodium phenate

Question 12

final imp reactions

Answer 12

prep of salicyclic acid
prep of picric acid
bromination
kolbes
riemer tiemann
zn dust
oxidation