alcohol dependence Flashcards
1 unit of alcohol =
10mls (8 grams)
how many people drink at hazardous levels
1/4 people
definition of hazardous drinking
increases risk of harmful consequences for used
women hazardous drinking stat
> 14 units < 35
man hazardous drinking stat
> 14 but <50
harmful drinking definition
causing mental or physical damage
women harmful drinking stat
> 35
men harmful drinking stat
> 50
definition of alcohol dependence
a cluster of behavioural , cognitive and physiological factors that typically include a strong desire to drink alcohol and difficulties in controlling its use
what does DSM IV describe
2 distic disorders - alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence
what does DSM5 do
integrates the two DSM IV disorders into a single disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD)
mild moderate or severe
diagnosis for alcohol use disorder according to DSM 5
2 symptoms in the past 1 year
mild - 2-3
moderate 4-5
severe >6
what does audit stand for
alcohol use disorders identification test
what is audit
10 question alcohol harm screening tool, developed by the WHO
which 5 things does the severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire measure
- physical withdrawal
- affective withdrawal
- withdrawal relief drinking
- alcohol consumption
- rapidity of reinstatement
what does CIWA-AR stand for
clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol
what is CIWA - AR
10 item scale used in assessment and management of alcohol withdrawal
drug of choice for medial assisted detoxification
chlordiazepoxide
3 problems with chlordiazepoxide
- high relapse rate after successful medicated withdrawal
- cognitive impairment, cumulative neuronal damage
- kindling effect (the severity of withdrawal symptoms tends to increase after each alcohol withdrawal)
4 things associated with complicated withdrawal
seizures
hallucinosis
delirium tremens
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
what is started after successful withdrawal
relapse prevention
3 drugs used for relapse prevention
acamprosate
naltrexone
disulfiram
what does acamprosate do
action on GABA and glutamate transmission
corrects the neurotransmission imbalance post withdrawal and reduces craving
what does naltrexone do
blocks opioid receptors
reduces rewarding effect mediated by endorphin system
