alcohol dependence Flashcards

1
Q

1 unit of alcohol =

A

10mls (8 grams)

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2
Q

how many people drink at hazardous levels

A

1/4 people

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3
Q

definition of hazardous drinking

A

increases risk of harmful consequences for used

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4
Q

women hazardous drinking stat

A

> 14 units < 35

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5
Q

man hazardous drinking stat

A

> 14 but <50

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6
Q

harmful drinking definition

A

causing mental or physical damage

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7
Q

women harmful drinking stat

A

> 35

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8
Q

men harmful drinking stat

A

> 50

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9
Q

definition of alcohol dependence

A

a cluster of behavioural , cognitive and physiological factors that typically include a strong desire to drink alcohol and difficulties in controlling its use

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10
Q

what does DSM IV describe

A

2 distic disorders - alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence

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11
Q

what does DSM5 do

A

integrates the two DSM IV disorders into a single disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD)
mild moderate or severe

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12
Q

diagnosis for alcohol use disorder according to DSM 5

A

2 symptoms in the past 1 year
mild - 2-3
moderate 4-5
severe >6

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13
Q

what does audit stand for

A

alcohol use disorders identification test

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14
Q

what is audit

A

10 question alcohol harm screening tool, developed by the WHO

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15
Q

which 5 things does the severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire measure

A
  • physical withdrawal
  • affective withdrawal
  • withdrawal relief drinking
  • alcohol consumption
  • rapidity of reinstatement
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16
Q

what does CIWA-AR stand for

A

clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol

17
Q

what is CIWA - AR

A

10 item scale used in assessment and management of alcohol withdrawal

18
Q

drug of choice for medial assisted detoxification

A

chlordiazepoxide

19
Q

3 problems with chlordiazepoxide

A
  1. high relapse rate after successful medicated withdrawal
  2. cognitive impairment, cumulative neuronal damage
  3. kindling effect (the severity of withdrawal symptoms tends to increase after each alcohol withdrawal)
20
Q

4 things associated with complicated withdrawal

A

seizures
hallucinosis
delirium tremens
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

21
Q

what is started after successful withdrawal

A

relapse prevention

22
Q

3 drugs used for relapse prevention

A

acamprosate
naltrexone
disulfiram

23
Q

what does acamprosate do

A

action on GABA and glutamate transmission

corrects the neurotransmission imbalance post withdrawal and reduces craving

24
Q

what does naltrexone do

A

blocks opioid receptors

reduces rewarding effect mediated by endorphin system

25
Q

what does disulfiram do

A

inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
psychological deterrent
anticraving effect through increased dopamine transmission
potential rare but severe side effects

26
Q

negatives of disulfiram

A

alcohol mixed with this causes an unpleasant and dangerous reaction
low compliance