Alcohol and Tobacco History

Question 1

How do you calculate pack years?

Answer 1

multiplying the number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day by the number of years the person has smoke

Question 2

what is the government recommendation for alcohol consumption?

Answer 2

14 units a week (roughly a bottle and 1/2 of whine or 5 strong pints of beer)

Question 3

What are the risks involved in alcohol and smoking
consumption

Answer 3

General health: liver problems - cirrhosis or lung cancer

Oral health problems: periodontitis and oral cancer

Question 4

how many days rest in between for alcohol does the government recommend

Answer 4

2-3 alcohol free days whenever possible

Question 5

what are some systemic effects of smoking?

Answer 5

• COPD
• CHD
• Cancers (lung, oral, laryngeal, oesophageal)
• Increases risk of miscarriage in pregnancy
• Periodontal disease

Question 6

what are long term effects of alcohol?

Answer 6

• Fatty liver disease - hepatitis (20-30%), cirrhosis (10%)
• Hypertension, CHD, stroke, cardiomyopathy
• Peptic ulcers (chronic gastric bleeding can lead to anaemia)
• Oropharyngeal cancers