Alcohol and nutrition

Question 1

How much absorption of alcohol happens in the stomach?

Answer 1

~ 20%

Question 2

Where is the primary site of alcohol metabolism?

Answer 2

In the liver by oxidation

Question 3

When does blood alcohol concentration peak after drinking?

Answer 3

~30-60 minutes

Question 4

What 4 physical factors contribute to a persons blood alcohol concentration?

Answer 4

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

Question 5

How can alcohol be removed from the blood?

Answer 5

Only by metabolism in the liver with time

Question 6

What food is best to eat before drinking to keep blood alcohol concentration down?

Answer 6

Proteins, then lipids, then carbohydrates

Question 7

How many calories are in a gram of alcohol?

Answer 7

7Kcal

Question 8

How many calories are in a unit of alcohol?

Answer 8

56Kcal

Question 9

What contributes to the higher alcohol tolerance of men over women on average?

Answer 9

Men on average have a greater lean body mass

Women have slightly lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 10

What % of daily calories are due to alcohol in people with alcohol use disorders?

Answer 10

35-50%

Question 11

In the 19-64Yo age range what % of weekly calories are due to alcohol?

Answer 11

8.4%

Question 12

In those over 64Yo what % of weekly calories are due to alcohol?

Answer 12

6.6%

Question 13

Where can Vit.B1 be found

Answer 13

Cereals
Beans
Nuts
Yeast
Meats

Question 14

What 3 major processes need Vit.B1

Answer 14

ATP production
Normal nerve conduction
Maintenance of neural membranes

Question 15

What is dry beriberi?

Answer 15

Neurological symptoms due to thiamine deficiency

Question 16

What are the 3 major symptoms of dry beriberi?

Answer 16

Weakness
Numbness
Paralysis

Question 17

Where are the effects of dry beriberi most commonly felt

Answer 17

Usually in the lower limbs

Question 18

What is wet beriberi?

Answer 18

Cardiac symptoms due to thiamine deficiency

Question 19

What 3 things are most strongly associated with a diagnosis of wet beriberi?

Answer 19

Increased heart rate
Shortness of breath
High output cardiac failure

Question 20

Which of wernickes and korsakoffs is often reversible?

Answer 20

Wernickes

Question 21

What 3 symptoms are most strongly associated with a diagnosis of wernickes encephalopathy

Answer 21

Ataxia gait
Lateral nyagmas
Confusion

Question 22

What 3 symptoms are most strongly associated with a diagnosis of korsakoff syndrome

Answer 22

retrograde amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
Confabulation

Question 23

Deficiencies in what commonly a macrocytic anemia in chronic alcoholics

Answer 23

Folate and B12

Question 24

Deficiency in what leads to pellagra?

Answer 24

Niacin

Question 25

What are the 4Ds of pellagra

Answer 25

Diarrhoea Dementia Dermatitis Death

Question 26

Deficincy in Ca is common in alcoholics. Why and what does it cause?

Answer 26

Increased urinary excretion | Osteoparosis

Question 27

Besides from Ca what other mineral are alcoholics commonly deficient in?

Answer 27

Zinc

Question 28

What are the clinical signs of zinc deficiency

Answer 28

Lesions around: eyes, nose and mouth Impaired wound healing and immune function Impaired mental status

Question 29

What % of patients with alcoholic liver disease have glucose intolerance or diabetes?

Answer 29

45-70%

Question 30

What is the common cause of hyperglycemia in chronic alcoholics?

Answer 30

Alcohol consumption can lead to decreased insulin effectiveness

Question 31

What risk is possed to feotuses whos mothers drink in pregnancy

Answer 31

Foetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Question 32

What physical characteristics are associated with foetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Answer 32

Small eye openings Smooth philitrum Thin upper lip Low body weight

Question 33

What non-physical characteristics are associated with foetal alcohol spectrum disorders?

Answer 33

Poor coordination Low intelligence Behavioral problems Sight and hearing problems

Question 34

What is the maximum recommended amount of alcohol to consume whilst a woman is breast feeding

Answer 34

<1-2 units once or twice a week

Question 35

How many units are needed to affect a child's development if he/she/they are breast feeding

Answer 35

> 2 units daily

Question 36

What symptoms can be seen in babies exposed to alcohol through breast milk

Answer 36

Drowsiness Deep sleep Weakness Abnormal weight gain