Alcohol Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnosing alcohol dependence.

A

3 or more of the following for >1month or repeatedly over 12 months:

  • Cravings/compulsions to take
  • Difficulty controlling use
  • Primacy
  • Increased tolerance
  • Physiological withdrawal on reduction/cessation
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2
Q

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

A
  • tremor
  • weakness
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • anxiety
  • seizures
  • confusion
  • agitation
  • death
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3
Q

Which problems are caused by anthiamine deficiency?

A
  • Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
  • Korsakoff’s Psychosis
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4
Q

Symptoms of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

A
  • confusion
  • ataxia
  • opthalmoplegia
  • nystagmus
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5
Q

Symptoms of Korsakoff’s Psychosis

A
  • prominent impairment of recent and remote memory
  • preservation of immediate recall
  • no general cognitive impairment
  • retrograde and anterograde memory
  • impaired learning and disorientation
  • may exhibit nystagmus and ataxia
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6
Q

Alcohol dependence screening tools

A
  • CAGE (2 or more = likely alcohol problem)
    • Have you tried to Cut down?
    • Have you felt Annoyed by people criticising your drinking?
    • Have you felt Guilty about drinking?
    • Have you felt the need to have an Eye-opener?
  • AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test)
  • FAST (4 questions)
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7
Q

What medication is used to manage alcohol withdrawal?

A

Benzodiazepines, commonly Chlordiazepoxide

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8
Q

Alcohol deterrent medication.

A

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

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9
Q

Alcohol anti craving medication

A
  • Acamprosate (Campral)
  • Naltrexone
  • Nalmefene
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