Alcohol Flashcards
how many units in a glass of wine
2
binge drinking criteria for men
> 8 units per day
by which enzyme is alcohol metabolised
where
alcohol dehydrogenase in the stomach
treatment of methanol poisoning eg anti-freeze
mechanism
ethanol
both metabolised by alcohol dehydrogenase = competitive inhibition
why do women have a lower tolerance to alcohol
lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase than men
at what rate is alcohol removed from the body
1 unit per hour
which cycle is inhibited (hence causes lactic acid production) during alcohol consumption
what does this cause
krebs cycle
sore muscles
when do people get alcoholic ketoacidosis
when insulin low = lots of ketones
what does alcohol do to GABA
what does this result in
activate it (agonist)
CNS depression
what does alcohol do to glutamine
what does this result in
blocks it (antagonist)
CNS depression
what is a Mallory Weiss tear
tear in oesophagus from repetitive vomiting, presents as hematemesis
what is korsakoffs syndrome
what is it caused by
irreversible memory loss
thiamine deficiency (B1 deficiency)
what is wernickes syndrome
what is it caused by
reversible memory loss
thiamine deficiency (B1 deficiency)
(remember bc W can be reversed/flipped and still look fine)
complication in pancreas
pancreatitis
what does alcohol do to ADH
inhibits it = dont reabsorb water = pee lots
complication of alcohol in hands
dupuytrens contracture (other causes too)
alcohol dependency definition
when someone relies on alcohol to function normally, has alcohol withdrawal symptoms (sweating, tremor, agitation, hallucinations etc)
which vitamin are alcoholics deficient in (hence always give it)
thiamine (B1)
bp of alcoholics
why
hypertension
increased glycerides
which drug do you give to prevent relapse in alcohol dependency
diazepam 40mg QDS initially then 10mg QDS
recommended units
14 units per week with several rest days
presentation of wernickes syndrome (3)
ocular dysfunction
acute confusion
ataxia
presentation of karsakoffs syndreom
memory loss (Amnesia) confabulation
complication in the oesphagus after liver cirrhosis has occurred
oesophageal varices (bc of portal hypertension)
presents with haematemesis
