Alchine Flashcards

1
Q

cum se mai numeste 2-propinilul?

A

propargil

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2
Q

Cum este hibridizata alchina?

A

sp

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3
Q

cum arata geometria orbitalilor sp?

A

geometrie coaxala (digonala)

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4
Q

Care este masura unghiului triplei leg ?

A

180 grade

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5
Q

care este lungime leg triple?

A

1,204 A

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6
Q

Care este lungimea leg dintre C participant la tripla leg si H ?

A

1,57 A

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7
Q

Care este starea de agregare a alchinelor?

A

primii termeni pana la 1-butina sunt gaze, de la 2-butina sunt lichide si cele superioare sunt solide

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8
Q

pdf si de topire ale alchinelor ?

A

putin mai ridicate decat ale alcanilor si alchenelor , si cresc odata cu cresterea maesi molare

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9
Q

relatia acetilenei cu apa?

A

este partial solubila cu apa => la 0 grade 1 vol de apa dizolva 1,7 volume de acetilena

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10
Q

relatia acetilenei cu acetona ?

A

1 vol de acetona poate dizolva pana la 300 vol de acetilena la presiune de 12 atm

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11
Q

metoda de obtinere a acetilnei din carbura de calciu

A

CaC2+2H2O=>acetilena +Ca(OH)2

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12
Q

cum se realizeaza hidrogenarea totala a acetilenei?

A

se folosesc catalizatori de nichel ,pt,pd si exces de hidrogen => etan

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13
Q

cum se realizeaza hidrogenarea partiala a acetilenei ?

A

are un randament mai mic , si se utilizeaza ca si catalizator paladius ( depus pe un suport solid ) si otravit cu saruri de plumb

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14
Q

cum aditioneaza acetilena bromul?

A

in doua etape => compusi halogenati vicinali nesaturati +exces de halogen => tetrahalogenoetan

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15
Q

reactia (in faza gazoasa) a clorului cu acetilena

A

este o reactie violenta, puternic exoterma

C2H2+Cl2=> 2C+2HCL+Q

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16
Q

Cum decurge aditia hidracizilor la alchine?

A

are loc la 170-200 grade in prezenta clorurii de mercur , HgCl2
initial se formeaza monohalogenoetena si in final dihalogenoetan

17
Q

in ce cponditii se realizeaza aditia apei la acetilena ?

A

in prezenta de catalizator sulfat de mercur , HgSO4 si de acid sulfuric =>etanal

18
Q

Ce se intampla la ditia apei la alchine cu mai mult de 2 atomi de carbon?

A

se obtin cetone

19
Q

ce alchine pot particpia la reactia de substitutie?

A

acetilena si cele care au tripla leg la capatul terminal => acetiluri metalice

20
Q

cum se obtine reactivul Tollens ?

A

2AgNo3+ 2NaOH=> Ag2O+H20+2NaNO3

Ag2O+4NH3+H2O=>2Ag(NH3)2OH