Albert Camus Flashcards

1
Q

“隐含作者”概念属于哪个范畴?含义是?

A

叙事学. 作者“他自己”的隐含替身

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2
Q

“局外人”题目令人产生?

A

异己的隔离感

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3
Q

典型场景的塑造

A

为母守灵送葬,枪杀阿拉伯人,监狱生活,法庭审判

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4
Q

典型场景之间穿插的情感线

A

与女友玛丽若即若离的爱情,与莱蒙似是而非的友谊

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5
Q

两个叙事层面

A

故事,话语

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6
Q

检察官的审讯逻辑?运用了?本质是?

“我控告这个人怀着杀人犯之心埋葬了他的母亲!”

A

审讯逻辑:精神上杀死母亲—预示杀人
语义转换:道德疑点=杀人罪证=杀人事实
本质:概念成为空虚的能指,指向社会强势话语

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7
Q

两种暴力

A

肉体暴力,精神暴力

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8
Q

无差别性思维体现在?

A
  1. 莫尔索用无差别性思维消解价值秩序

2. 社会主流话语用无差别语义置换驱逐异己

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9
Q

加缪谈主旨

A

在当今社会中,在自己母亲下葬时不落泪的人可能被判处死刑。

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10
Q

外在同化与自我放逐分别体现于那个人物?

A

辩护律师,神甫

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11
Q

荒谬的概念(关系+意义+处境)

A
  1. 关系:人和世界分离
  2. 意义:世界对人没有意义
  3. 处境:无希望,无反抗力量,漠不关心
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12
Q

故事分层+两个大叙事单元之间的转变

A
  1. 线性叙事:母亲去世,沙滩杀人
  2. 交叉叙事:入狱+审判
    Dom: 环境(牢房-大海)主导话语(社会意识-自我意识)
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13
Q

莫尔索代表的局外人意识的反面及其特点

A

群居意识:畏惧排斥/边缘化

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14
Q

本杰明的灵晕理论(Core+Lack+Independence+Diminish)

A
  1. Core: authenticity
  2. Lack: even the most perfect reproduction of a work of art is lacking in one element: Its presence in time and space, its unique existence at the place where it happens to be.
  3. Independence: That the “sphere of authenticity is outside the technical [sphere]” of the production of an artefact; hence, the original work of art is independent of the copy.
  4. Diminish: By changing the cultural context, the mechanical reproduction diminishes the original art work (original vs. copy); thus, the aura, the unique aesthetic authority of an artwork, is absent from the mechanically produced copy.
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15
Q

拉开审美距离的目的和表现维度

A

目的:陌生感/零度风格/有理无情

表现:情感生活的局外人vs社会人,事业生活的局外人vs价值人,保存生活的局外人vs畏死人

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16
Q

默尔索因何被谁判罪?

A

因异于常人被道德习俗/社会惯性

17
Q

柳明九:生活细节

A

生活细节被挑选并精心编织成一个十恶不赦的犯罪神话。

18
Q

拉康:人的欲望是?影响是?

A

对他者欲望的欲望,异化

19
Q

默尔索与神父的区别

A

深刻宗教意识但不信教vs浅薄宗教意识而役于宗教形式

20
Q

两个法庭

A

法律法庭(法庭的judgment),道德法庭(无所不在的judgment)

21
Q

人如何反抗荒谬的世界?

A

非理性反抗

22
Q

论及肉体精神关系,加缪为何说“肉体即天堂”?得出的核心概念?

A
  1. 肉体重于精神,因为人以肉体感官感受美,肉体若死亡,即使精神永存也无济于事

2. 而肉体又必然灭亡—荒谬

23
Q

默尔索的敏感体现?

A
  1. 敏锐的身体感觉能力:做爱,游泳,杀人

2. 对身体舒适感的追求:阳光,衣着

24
Q

加缪对超然存在的怀疑体现在哪对关系中?

A

默尔索与神甫

25
Q

加缪强调肉体的重要性,实际上反对的是?

A

忽视现世生活追求抽象理念的生活方式、为永恒自由牺牲现世自由而丧失自由、生命因幻象而丧失自由

26
Q

局外人的普世价值

A

人对于世界是一个局外人

27
Q

萨特对局外人语言形式的评价(2)

A
  1. 连接词的缺失:句法不连贯模仿时间不连贯

2. 静态展现:每句话都重新开始。每句话对象都是对一个姿态、一个物件摄下的照片。

28
Q

Our most profound and important learning moments is in the face of the absurd, we become lucid of …

A

a differnt kind of doubt— the benign indifference of the universe— a space where our keenst efforts are rendered illusory.

29
Q

Does the Absurd deprive the desire for meaning?

A

No , it just provides us with no recourse

30
Q

Representing strangeness

A
  1. as the emotional upheaval when the individual is conscious of a demand that cannot be met
  2. as the emotional marking of lucidity (reflection)