Alage and Protozoa Flashcards
a simple, non-flowering, and typically aquatic plant of a large group that includes the seaweeds and many single celled forms.
Algae
What does algae contains that gives color to it
Chlorophyll
Other term for a unicellular plankton
Dinoflagellates
it produce neurotoxins that cause paralytic shellfish posioning. It also gives the color to the red tide
Alexandrium
One type of toxic red tide from the genus of Alexandrium
Karenia Brevis (K.Brevis)
single celled organism that lives in a wide variety of moist habitats including fresh water, marine environments and the soil
Protozoa
Amebiasis isan intestinal (bowel) illness caused by a microscopic (tiny) parasite called?
Entamoeba histolytica
Phyla of Protozoa
Archaezoa
Rhizopoda
Helminths
a type of archaezoa that is found in male and female genital
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Trichomonas Vaginalis causes what color of discharge in female?
White to green
How is Trichomonas Vaginalis transferred?
Sexual intercourse with an infected partner
What an over the counter medication is availablke for Trichomonas Vaginalis?
Metronidazole
it is an antibiotic that is used to treat a wide variety of infections. It works by stopping the growth of certain bacteria and parasites.
Metronidazole
obligate intracellular parasites. they can only live inside host cells
Apicomplexan
what is the causative agent of malaria?
Plasmodium
How is plasmodium transferred?
bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito
the number of days between when you’re infected with something and when you might see symptoms.
Incubation period
How long is the incubation period of malaria?
10-16 days
How to diagnose malaria?
Blood smear
What preserves the plasmodium from Anopheles making it possible to transfer plasmodium to humans?
Oogenic signals
How do you treat plasmodium?
Quinine, Chloroquine
What are long term therapies that can eliminate the parasite from the liver?
Primaquine or Proguanil
Give ways to prevent gettng infected by anopheles mosquitos
-Prophylactic drugs
-mosquito repellant
-spray insecticides
What is the most deadly disease in the world
Malaria
can cause infections in utero when women clean feline litter boxes while pregnant
Toxoplasma gondii
very resistant to adverse environmental conditions and can remain infective for months
Oocysts
Treatment for Toxoplasma gondii
pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine
Helminths came from the greek word _____ meaning human worms or parasitic worms
helminthos
2 types of helminths
- Platyhelminths: flatworms
- Nematoda: roundworms
two classes of Platyhelminths
Trematodes
Cestodes
they have ventral suckers and oral suckers for attachment. they can be transmitted through skin penetration and from fresh water.
Trematodes
is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes. penetration of this organism causes itching as known as swimmer’s itch
Schistosomiasis
What is the treatment for schistosomiasis?
Praziquantel
The head (scolex) has suckers for attachment, some species also have small hooks for attachment
Cestodes
Cestode’s body is made up of segments called _____ that contain both male and female reproductive organs
proglattids
beef tapeworm, live in humans, transmission through consumption of undercooked meat.
Taenia Saginata
also known as roundwords. most species have male and female, generally males are smaller than female
Nematodes
also known as a human pinworm. Adult pinworms foundi in intenstine, female migrates to anus to deposit eggs at night.
Enterobius Vermicularis
transparent tape is placed on perianal skin the sticky side picks up eggs, then examines microscopically
Graham sticky-tape method
Treatment for Enterobius Vermicularis
Mebendazole
There is no nucleus and DNA is found in nucleoid
Prokaryote
prokaryotic microorganisms consisting of a single cell lacking a nucleus and containing DNA is a single circular chromosome.
Eubacteria
microscopic single-celled organisms lacking a distinct nucleus. They may be shaped like spheres, rods, or spiral.They inhabit virtually all environments, including soil, water, orgnic matter, and the bodies of animals
Bacteria
not consisting of, divided into, or containing cells
Acellular
microscopic parasite which can infect living organisms and cause disease. It can make copies of itself inside another organisms cells.
Virus
What is virus made up?
Caspid and nucleic acid
infectious proteins molecules, proteins capable of causing certain diseases of animals and humans
Prions
consist only of protein; no DNA or RNA.
Prions
disease causing form with B-pleated sheets
Prion PrP
Obligate ICF agents that consist only of RNA. There is no protein coat so it can easily die in the sun
Viroids
a viroid disease of coconut palms that has destroyed over 30 million palms in the Philippines
Cadang-cadang
