AL Quiz

Question 0

Which artificial lift system is the most common world wide?

Answer 0

Sucker rod system

Question 1

Name the 7 artificial lift systems.

Answer 1

1. Sucker rod
2. ESP
3. PCP
4. Gas Lift
5. Plunger Lift
6. Hydraulic Jet
7. Hydraulic Reciprocating

Question 2

Name the 2 AL systems that are good for high volumes.

Answer 2

ESP and gas lift.

Question 3

Which AL system has a temperature limitation and therefore, a depth limitation as well?

Answer 3

Progressive Cavity Pump

Question 4

Which AL system is good for very low volumes?

Answer 4

Plunger lift

Question 5

The 2 most commonly used AL systems in Alberta are?

Answer 5

1. Sucker rod ~50%

2. PCP ~50%

Question 6

A PCP cannot be run under which condition?

Answer 6

It cannot be run dry.

Question 7

Which AL system has poor gas handling abilities?

Answer 7

ESP, it is also an expensive pumping system.

Question 8

Which AL system requires no energy for use?

Answer 8

Plunger lift

Question 9

Which 2 AL systems are used offshore?

Answer 9

1. Hydraulic jet

2. Gas lift

Question 10

What are the 3 types of pumping units?

Answer 10

1. Conventional
2. Mark II
3. Air Balanced

Question 11

Which pumping unit only runs counter-clockwise?

Answer 11

Mark II

Question 12

Explain how an air balanced pumping unit works.

Answer 12

Instead of weights it uses air, change the pressure to change the counter balance weight. It is also the largest in the world.

Question 13

Pump designation example: 25-175 R H B CM 30-4-1, what does each represent?

Answer 13

25 - tubing size (25=2 7/8” OD)
175 - plunger diameter (175=1 3/4”)
R - pump type (R=rod, T=tubing)
H - barrel type (H=heavy wall-metal, W=thin wall-metal, S=thin wall-soft-packed, P=heavy wall-soft-packed)
B - location of seating assembly (A=top-dirty fluid, B=bottom, T=bottom, traveling barrel)
CM - seating assembly type (C=cup, M=mechanical)
30 - barrel length in ft
4 - nominal plunger length in ft
1 - total length of extensions in ft

Question 14

What type of barrel is most common in AB?

Answer 14

Heavy wall, metal plunger pumps.

Question 15

What condition is a thin walled barrel good for?

Answer 15

Shallow wells

Question 16

What are the 3 types of rods?

Answer 16

Conventional rods
Norris high strength rods
Electra rods

Question 17

Which 2 types of rods are conventional rods?

Answer 17

Grade D and Grade C

Question 18

Which rods have the highest strength?

Answer 18

Electra rods

Question 19

Why are the Electra rods the strongest?

Answer 19

They are made by heat treating binary steels (2 steels) together.

Question 20

What does the 86 rod number represent?

Answer 20

8 = largest rod 8/8” or 1”
6 = smallest rod 6/8” or 3/4”
Also means everything in between, ie. 7/8” rods

Question 21

What does the rod string % represent?

Answer 21

The length of the largest rod vs. the length of the smallest.

Question 22

Which size rod strings are easily damaged for use in AB?

Answer 22

Anything less than 3/4”

Question 23

What are the 10 parameters to consider when choosing an artificial lift system?

Answer 23

1. Volume
2. Depth
3. Temperature limits
4. Gravity, viscosity of oil
5. Solids (corrosion, scale, wax, asphaltenes) and sand
6. Intake capabilities (PD pump to SRP, PCP)
7. Crooked or deviated condition
8. Cost, economics
9. Flexibility (SRP better for flexibility)
   
   • pump size diameter
   • stroke length
   • speed
10. Reliability

Question 24

API pump designation example: C 456-256-120, what does each represent?

Answer 24

C - pump unit type (C-conventional, M-Mark II, A-air balance)
456 - gearbox torque (456000 lbs)
256 - structure load (25600 lbs)
120 - max stroke length (120”)

Question 25

What does PPRL stand for?

Answer 25

Peak Polish Rod Load (upstroke)

Question 26

What does MPRL stand for?

Answer 26

Minimum Polish Rod Load (downstroke)

Question 27

What does PRHP stand for?

Answer 27

Polish Rod Horse Power (motor HP>PRHP)

Question 28

What does CBE stand for?

Answer 28

Counter Balance Effect

Question 29

What are PD and PT?

Answer 29

Pump Displacement and Peak Torque

Question 30

What are the 2 types of down hole pumps?

Answer 30

Tubing pump and Rod pump

Question 31

Where would you set the seating assembly for a dirty/sandy fluid?

Answer 31

At the top of the barrel. Disadvantage is the barrel moves more and therefore is harder on it.

Question 32

Why is a seating assembly set at the bottom of the barrel in a dirty fluid not good?

Answer 32

The sand can fall and compact at the bottom and the pump will become stuck.

Question 33

What is the cup type of seating assembly?

Answer 33

It uses a elastomer (cup) and mechanical (metal-metal). CM most common in AB.

Question 34

Acceleration Factor calculation:

c=(N^2 * s)/70500

Answer 34

c=acceleration factor
N=strokes per minute
s=length of stroke in inches

Question 35

What are the acceleration factors for the 3 pumping units?

Answer 35

Conventional = 0.3
Air Balanced = 0.25
MK II = 0.211

Question 36

What 7 pieces of equipment are required for an AL system?

Answer 36

1. Pumping unit
2. Pumping unit base
3. Prime mover
4. *Polish rod, based on stroke length and how far from well head
   
   • rod string, API 87 grade D typically 25’ c/w pony rods
   • sinker bar, 1 1/2” k bar
5. Bottom hole pump
6. Tubing, typical size, weight….
7. Pump seat nipple, tubing anchor (2 7/8” - 5 1/2”)

Question 37

What can you use to design a sucker rod pumping system?

Answer 37

1. SWAG
2. API RP11L (hand calc, computer software)
3. Wave design equation (numerical simulation-Lufkin SROD)