Akhlak Chapter 4

Question 1

Akhlak comes from the Arabic term (Khuluq) which means

Answer 1

character, manner, behaviour, personal traits

Question 2

Akhlak is a personal behaviour that deals with…

Answer 2

the relationship of a man with:
1. God
2. his fellow man
3. other creatures of the universe
4. his innermost self

Question 3

AL-Ghazali’s definition of Akhlak:

Answer 3

a STATE OF MIND that is:
- firm with one’s actions without the need for reflections and deliberation.

Question 4

Ibn Al-Athir’s definition of Akhlak:

Answer 4

inner characteristics of oneself whether it is good or bad.

Question 5

Importance of Akhlak:

Answer 5

1. Its the reason Prophet Muhammad was sent to the Ummah.
2. It is a FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENT OF OBEDIENCE TO SHARIAH which is commanded by Allah in surah al-Jathiah verse 18
3. It signifies internal belief (Iman) of a Muslim.
4. A PREQUISITE FOR THE ACCEPTANCE of ones ibadah

Question 6

According to the Prophet, the most excellent and best of people is:

Answer 6

A man with:
1. good character
2. best moral character

Question 7

Basis of ethical values(8):

Answer 7

1. Brotherliness
2. Striving
3. Moderation
4. Justice
5. Reformation
6. Honesty
7. Sincerity
8. Piety to God

Question 8

Brotherliness

Answer 8

to establish brotherly relations with other fellow muslims
- prevent apathy and indifference

Question 9

Striving

Answer 9

• Men must WORK VERY HARD and embark upon JIHAD, intellectually, morally and technically.
• men must work very hard to master technical skills-manage worldly-life affairs

Question 10

Moderation

Answer 10

The islamic approach to developing a man morally and technically is based on principle and law of balance and equilibrium.
- fundamental moral principle in life

Question 11

Justice

Answer 11

giving to the right person with the right manner what ought to be given. opposite of al-zulm(injusttice)

Question 12

Reformation

Answer 12

Islah which means wholesomeness or transform. opposite of fasad(corruption)

Question 13

Honesty

Answer 13

Truthfulness(sidq) keeping one’s commitments and transparency in life. opposite of hypocrisy(nifaq)
- absolute honesty and fidelity in business, relationships, transactions, interactions is most fundamental ethical concept

Question 14

Sincerity(Ikhlas)

Answer 14

To purify, clarify, refine and remove impurities. the person, in all his undertakings has the overriding consideration of gaining the pleasure of God in his mind.
- does everything for nothing but Allah, opposite of riya’

Question 15

Taqwa

Answer 15

God-consciousness, either out of love or fear to always be aware of God.
- noblest of all character a muslim must strive to develop

Question 16

Features of Akhlak:(6)

Answer 16

1. divinely inspired system(integral part of Islam.)
2. good intention must be followed by permissible action.
3. main goal behind worldly property ownership: help a person live according to his moral life, not profit maximization.
4. Freedom to accumulate wealth is accompanied with a sense of moral responsibilities
5. equitable distributive justice-given full recognition but differences in income- tolerated.
6. Any activity in the world is strongly encouraged provided it must meet the moral and ethical improvement of individuals and the Muslim community.

Question 17

Concept of ADAB in Muslim Society:(6)

Answer 17

1. Meet each other - strengthen social bonds.
2. Defends the individual against the psychological consequences of social isolation.
3. Acceptance of any invitation and feasts - social ties stronger between members of a community irrespective of social status.
4. Social relations should be: free of personal interest, engaged in wholly for the sake of God.
5. Social life is encouraged at a wider level -like performing congregational prayer in the mosque.
6. Personal cleanliness is an important factor when communicating with others.

Question 18

What is the essence of taqwa?

Answer 18

Accountability to Allah in part of the muslim in all his actions and intentions