Ajanta Ellora Elephanta Nagarjuna Bojjanakonda Flashcards
Who is Nagarjuna?
Founder of Madhyamik School
Feautures of Nagarjunakonda?
Ikshavaku art
+ Stupa
Who are Ikshavakus?
One of the successors of Satavahanas in Andhra
Who discovered Nagarjunakonda in modern age?
Gabriel Dubreiul + Ap Longhurst
Distinguishing feature of Bojjanakonda?
All 3 phases(features all 3 phases of buddhist art, mahayan, Hinayan, vajrayan)
Important Buddhist sites in Maharashtra
Kanheri karla Junar Bedse Bhaja
Example of attack on Buddhist temple
Shrimara Shrivallabha(Pandya) on Sena 1(Sri Lanka)—> Took away Buddha gold statue. Sena 2 made special effort to find out
Which chronicler tells about attack on Sri Lankan Buddhist temple
Dhammakitti
Contemporary architecture inspired by Buddhism?
Rashtrapati Bhawan central dome(Sanchi Stupa)
Religion of architecture in Elephanta
Buddhist—>Mainly Hindu
Elephanta contemporary to which cave?
Ellora
Common sculptures between Ellora and Elephanta
A, K, R vs K
Andhakasurvada(Shiva slaying Andhaka),
Kalyanasundaram(Shiva and Parvati wedding,
Ravana shaking Mount Kailasha
Elephanta:- Natraj in what Mudra
Lalit
Three consecutive paintings at Elephanta
1/2, 3, dhar
Ardhanarishwara, Trimurti(Aghori, 1/2, Mahayogi), Gangadhar
Commentary on Trimurti@Elephanta?
Gupta Chalukyan art
Ajanta mentioned by which chroniclers?
Fa Xien(didn't visit coz people there have erronous beliefs) Xuan Zang(did visit)
Phases of Ajanta building
Phase 1:- Satvahana 1st century—>Hinayana phase
Phase 2:- Vakataka 5th century
Phase 3:- Chalukyas(Satyajit notes not sure)
Artistic influence in Ajanta caves
Vengi and Vidharbha schools of Art
Sculptures @ Ajanta?
MMB
Assault of Mara disturbing Buddha’s penance
Mahaparinirbana Buddha
Bhumisparsha Mudra
Paintings @Ajanta?
Boddhistavas(PV)
Jataka tales
Avadanas
Buddha life events
Jataka Tales@ Ajanta
Dying princess
Flying Apsara
Shad danta Jataka
Mahajanaka Jataka
Dying princess description
Wife of Gautama’s cousin Nanda dying of shock that her husband has become a monk
Shad danta Jataka?
Buddha represented as elephant previous incarnation
Mahajanaka Jataka
Buddha discussing problems of kingdom with mother. Mother in graceful pose
Ajanta and Ellora where?
Aurangabad
Dynasties behind Ellora
Rashtrakuta
Yadav
Chalukya
Kalachuri
Jain architecture @Ellora:- which dynasty
Yadav
Buddhist architecture@Ellora:- which dynasty
Chalukyas
Hindu architecture@Ellora:- which dynasty
Kalachuri
All 3 religion architecture@Ellora:- which dynasty
Rashtrakutas
Vishwakarma cave. Where?
Ellora
Buddha in which Mudra@Vishwakarma cave?
Vyakhyayana(teaching) mudra
Structure of Vishwakarma cave?
Apsidal Hall+ Stupa at end of hall
Which sect of Buddhism @ Ellora
Vajrayana
Important Jain caves @ Ellora
Chota Kailash
Jagannath Sabha
Indra Sabha
3 paintings @Indra Sabha?
1) Yaksha:- Matanga Yaksha on elephant
2) Yakshini:- Ambika on lion under Mango tree
3) Lotus on ceiling
What is Samavasaran image?
hall where Tirthankara preaches after attaining Kevala Gyana
Digambara sculptures@Ellora?
24Ts+ Their Yakshas and Yakshinis+ Human devotees
Achitectural feature of Buddhist cave@Ellora?
1,2, or 3 storied
Architectural feature of Hindu cave@Ellora
courtyards
Temples were carved out on the sloping side of the hill. Hence most of the temples have courtyards(steep side can’t have courtyards)
The 4 important Hindu caves@Ellora
1) Ravana:- RKK, R vs K
Ravana ki Khai, Ravana shaking Mt Kailasha
2)Dashavatara
3)Kailasa temple
Meaning of Dashavatara and why it is an exception to Ellora
10 Avataras of Vishnu(hence Vaishnavite), But Ellora is mostly Shaivite
2 Shaivite images @Dashavataras?
Kalyanasundaram(Marriage of Shiva and Parvati)
Andhakasuravada(Shiva slaying Andhaka)
Who built Kailasa temple
Rashtrakutas Krishna 1
When Kailasa temple built?
8th century
Architectural style @Kailasa?
Vesara
Special feature of Kailasa?
Carved out of a single rock:- Multi storey structure
Epics depicted @ Kailasa?
Ramayana and Mahabharata
Who is at the entrance of Kailasa temple?
Nandi
