AIRWAYS midterm Flashcards
% of normal mouth opening due to initial opening action
50
% of normal mouth opening due to last opening
50
actions of effort closure
valsalva
airway mgmt of edentulous
oral airway, pull skin to mask
anatomic location of nasal airway
tip through vestibule, direct it 90 degrees to long axis
angles of mainstem bronchi
R=20 / L=40
articulation of C2
dens to C1
atlanto-occipital gap normal value
35 degrees
calculation, time constant, pre-ox
3 time constants = 95% change. This is the typical end-point used in medicine. Time constant = volume (FRC)/ flow (VA = (tidal volume _ dead space) x respiratory rate).
cervical level of cricoid cartilage
C6
compoinets of the nasal septum
perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, septal cartilage
cranial nerve- sensory innervation of face
trigeminal
cuneiform cartilages function
open glottis, spring-like action
definition of micrognathia
small mandible
definition of overjet
increased horizontal distance bt max and mand central incisors
desat, FRC, weight
VO2 = kg^0.75; minutes to hypoxia = FRC/VO2; so the more a patient weighs the less time they have before they start to desaturate.
describe thyrohyoid membrane
Thyroid cartilage is attached to hyoid bone by thyrohyoid membrane
digits applying pressure to mask during bag/mask
thumb, index
DL, axial alignment
sheets=laryngeal, sniffing=pharyngeal, DL=oral
ETT connector
15mm OD tapered
ETT taping
zygomatic
Eustachian tube
connects nasal cavity to middle ear, maintain pressure in ear
facets for atlanta-occipital engagement
connect TO occipital bone
four functions of larynx
phonation, conduction, protection, effort closure
function of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor
lower segment remains closed except for bolus passage
functions of the nasal sinuses
humidifying and warming inspired air
general functions of the human airway
protection, conduction, air conditioning
largest facial bone
mandible
larynx closure during deglugition
pharyngeal
larynx, axial alignment
sheets
location of zenker’s diverticulum
90% left side
lubricant for stylet
eye?
lung capacity involved in denitrogenation
FRC
mandible anatomy
ramus
mechanical alteraion of food during deglugition
oral phase
mgmt of incorrectly inserted OG tube
give continuous positive pressure and hold
molecular weight of 02
32 daltons
nasal attachments of conchae
the lateral walls of nasal cavity, upper 2 from ethmoid, bottom is separate structure
nasopharynx occlusion during deglugition
pharyngeal
peristalsis of food bolus during deglgition
pharyngeal/esophogeal
preoxygenation physiology
calculate FRC (30-35 ml/kg)
RUL bronchus occlusion by ETT
RUL 2cm, 20 degree angle
suspension and stabilization of the larynx
hyoid bone
TMJ compartments for initial and late mouth opening
inferior=rotation=early mouth opening, superior=gliding=late mouth opening
TMJ, two joints of action
gliding and rotation, 50/50
tooth numbers by name
start upper right 3rd molar (molar, molar, molar, bicuspid, bicuspid, cuspid, lateral incisor, central incisor)
trachea sensory innervation
vagus
true joints in the larynx
cricoarytenoid
volume of ETT (pi r^2 h)
3mm radius, 200mm height
superior facets of atlas articulate with what?
occipital condyles
level of hyoid bone
C3
vocal cords where during end-expiration?
paramedian
where are vocal cords when patient breathes quietly?
intermediate
where are vocal cords during maximum inspiration?
lateral
3 types of hyaline cartilage in larynx
cricoid, artyenoid, thyroid
elastic cartilage in larynx
epiglottic, corniculate, cuneiform
2 main joints of larynx
cricoarytenoid, cricothyroid
