Airway Vent Res Flashcards
Adult ventilations and Adequate vitals
12 to 20 breaths per minute 120/80 BP O2 stat greater than 95%
What are the complications of hyperventilation?
Leads to carbon dioxide blow off, which causes vasoconstruction and limits blood flow to the brain;
Carbon dioxide blow off > vasoconstriction> limits blood flow to brain.
What is dyspnea?
Difficulty breathing
 What is nocturnal dyspnea?
Difficulty breathing after sleep, or while asleep
Lung sounds usually heard, usually during asthma, COPD, emphysema and chronic bronchitis, high-pitched
Wheezes
Lung sounds caused by fluid in the alveoli. Sounds like bubbles.
Crackles
Long sounds due to an obstruction high-pitched inspiration
Strider
Lung sounds due to secretions in larger airways, lower pitched
Rhonchi
Condition of excessive fluid, build up in the lungs, and or other organs, because of inadequate pumping of the heart
Cognitive heart failure
Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, black long, and respiratory illnesses are classified as
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Air from the chest cavity is prevented from escaping, usually during close chest injuries and caused by rub on internal surfaces
Tension pneumothorax
Tachycardia is
High heart rate
Bradycardia is
Low heart rate
What is hyperventilation?
Increased depth and rate of breathing
What is hypoxic drive
It is a back up system to control, respirations when oxygen level falls secondary drive
What are the complications from tracheostomy tubes?
A buildup of mucus in the tube dislodgment of tube or infection around stoma
Mucus buildup
Tube dislodgement
Infection around stoma
What is the pathophysiology of the upper and lower airways?
Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial, tubes, and lungs
Where are beta 2 receptors located?
Lungs
What do Betta 2 receptors do?
Stimulate bronchioles to dilate
Where are beta-1 receptors located?
Heart
What do beta-1 receptors do?
Increase heart rate
How many lobes are in the lungs?
5 3right/ 2 left
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
12 to 20 breaths a minute
What is the name of the passageway shared by digestive and respiratory systems for Air and food
Pharynx
What part of the respiratory system contains the vocal cords?
Larynx
What is the most common location for an airway obstruction?
Pharynx
What ring shaped structure forms to lower portion of the lyrics?
Cricoid cartilage
What is the name of the hollow semi flexible tube that carries inhaled air from the larynx to the lungs
Trachea
What area is directly posterior to the mouth?
Oropharynx
What is the name of the muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
What is directly posterior to the nose
Nasopharynx
What happens to your diaphragm during inhalation?
Contracts
What leaf shaped structure closes during swallowing to prevent foods in foreign objects from entering the trachea
 Epiglottis
What is the name of the cartalignous Ridge in the trachea at which the right and left lung split
Carina
Where is Sellicks maneuver applied?
Cricoid cartilage
What are the small sacs in the lungs that are responsible for gas exchange?
Alveoli
An unresponsive 43-year-old male is cool, pale diaphoretic and breathing six times a minute which device should be used to administer oxygen
Bag valve mask
A 56-year-old female has a complete airway obstruction from a piece of food she becomes unconscious. While you you assess her, What should you do?
Begin chest compressions
What is the normal breaths per minute for adult?
12 to 20
An alert 32-year-old female complains of difficulty breathing she can only speak in 2 to 3 word sentences and has oxygen saturation of 92%. What should you do?
Apply high flow oxygen
The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what type of breathing
Labored
What is the term for a high-pitched whistling sound heard during expiration
Wheezing
How should you insert a nasal pharyngeal airway?
Face the bevel towards the septum
What are the structures that branch off of the trachea into the lower airway?
Bronchi
A 52-year-old male is sleepy, diaphoretic difficult to arouse and breathing eight times a minute. What should you suspect?
Respiratory failure
A 42-year-old male complains of shortness of breath after being sprayed with superheated heated steam he has burns to his face neck and upper chest. Vital signs are BP 112/66, p124, r28 Shallow, and labored. What should you do?
Assist his ventilation’s
And 82 year old female complains of difficulty breathing before you assist he with the inhaler who will you need permission from?
Online medical control
What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult?
350 ML
What are the small air sacs at the end of the airway that are responsible for gas exchange?
Alveoli
Hey 62-year-old male complains of mild respiratory distress. He smokes four packs of cigarettes a day and reports a constant cough and frequent respiratory infections. Chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi what should you expect?
Chronic bronchitis
An 18-year-old male is cyanosis and complains of sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing after lifting weights. Vital signs are BP 110/66 P88 R 22 what is most likely case
Spontaneous phnemothorax
A 44-year-old male complains of shortness of breath and has gold chest pain. He has been coughing up Rusty septum for last three days. What is the most likely cause
Pneumonia
What is the term for abnormal breath? Sounds that result from an obstructed airway.
Strider
875 year old female complains of sudden onset of right side of chest pain and dyspnea. She is recovering from a recent hip surgery. What should you expect?
Pulmonary embolism
Is 64-year-old male is not breathing. What should you do after initiating ventilation for the bag valve mask
Examine for chest rise
77 year old female speaks in short word burst and brats with pursed lips lung sounds are diminished distant and clear. Vital signs are for 152/90 P86 and irregular, R23. What should you expect?
Pursed lips lung sounds distant and clear
Emphysema
